CLONING Sun Hwa Dong Cloning w Cloning producing

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CLONING Sun Hwa Dong

CLONING Sun Hwa Dong

Cloning w Cloning: producing identical copies of genes, cells, organisms w Clone: product w

Cloning w Cloning: producing identical copies of genes, cells, organisms w Clone: product w “desirable combination of characteristics” w Pathogenesis, Reproductive, Molecular, Cloning in stem cell research

Cloning using a differentiated animal cell 1. Take cultured udder cells from donor sheep.

Cloning using a differentiated animal cell 1. Take cultured udder cells from donor sheep. 2. Take unfertilized egg cells from another sheep. 3. Remove the nucleus from each cell using micropipette.

4. The egg cells fused with donor cells by a pulse of electricity. 5.

4. The egg cells fused with donor cells by a pulse of electricity. 5. They develop like zygotes (initial cell) and become embryos. 6. Implant the embryos in the womb of a surrogate mother. 7. DOLLY !! REPRODUCTIVE CLONING

Cloning using undifferentiated cells w Making copies of cells with undifferentiated cells w Stem

Cloning using undifferentiated cells w Making copies of cells with undifferentiated cells w Stem cell research w = Therapeutic Cloning

Therapeutic Cloning in Humans w Embryonic stem cells: 1) Divide, differentiate into any cell

Therapeutic Cloning in Humans w Embryonic stem cells: 1) Divide, differentiate into any cell types 2) Tissue/ Organ replacement

For Against Save lives, reduce suffering by therapies Embryo = potential human being Cells

For Against Save lives, reduce suffering by therapies Embryo = potential human being Cells removed from embryos that stopped developing and would die Cells removed when embryos can’t feel pain without nerve cells More embryo produced than needed so some may have to be killed Embryonic stem cells → tumor cells

Human Genome Project w Human genome → 25000 -30000 genes w To find the

Human Genome Project w Human genome → 25000 -30000 genes w To find the location of all genes on chromosomes and base sequence of all DNA that makes up them w Allows to: 1. Study how genes influence human development 2. Identify genetic diseases 3. Produce new drugs 4. Have new insights into origins, evolution, migrations of humans

Vocabulary w Clone w Cloning w Zygote: initial cell formed when a new organism

Vocabulary w Clone w Cloning w Zygote: initial cell formed when a new organism is produced by means of sexual reproduction w Reproductive cloning w Therapeutic cloning w Human genome project

Bibliography w w w Study Guide p 32 Course Companion p 165 Pearson HL

Bibliography w w w Study Guide p 32 Course Companion p 165 Pearson HL p 108 -110 http: //www. success 4 dummies. com/ http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Zygote http: //www. nature. com/scitable/topicpage/geneexpression-regulates-cell-differentiation-931 w http: //www. biologyonline. org/articles/tissue_engineering_stem_cells/figures. html w http: //www. nsf. gov/od/lpa/news/03/images/green_es_cell s. jpg

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