Clinical photos Mostafa Elsman Dawn syndrome The most

Clinical photos Mostafa Elsman

Dawn syndrome

The most significant feature of dawn syndrome : Mental retardation Hypotonia ( During first year of life ) Delayed sitting , standing and walking

Craniofacial : Microcephaly and brachycephaly Delayed fontanel closure Fine soft hair Delayed teething flat nasal bridge short neck with excessive skin fold Retromicrognathia with protruded fissured tongue Law set ear may be small and lacked of normal cartilage formation

Eyes : Upwards, slanting palpebral fissure Medial epicanthic folds Hypertelorism Brushfield iris spots (speckled iris ) ( Refactive errors , strabismus , nystagmus and cataract )

Hands : Feet : Bradydactyly ( Short broad hands ) Clinodactyly of the little finger ( Incurved 5 th figure with hypoplastic mid phalynx ) Bilateral single transverse palmer crease ( simian ) wide separation between the 1 st and 2 nd toes ( sandal gap ) Increased crease ( ape lina)

What is this condition? Simian Crease What is the characteristic findings? A single transverse palmar crease is a single crease that extends across the palm of the hand, formed by the fusion of the two palmar creases (known in palmistry as the "heart line" and the "head line") Because it resembles the usual condition of nonhuman simians, it is also known as a simian crease or simian line – Occurrence It is found in people with Down Syndrome. It is also found in 1. 5% of the general population in at least one hand The presence of a single transverse palmar crease can be, but is not always, a symptom associated with abnormal medical conditions

What are the type of phototherapy ? White , blue, or green (wave length : 450 -460 nm) • What is the indication? Bilirubin level above 15 mg% (full term -unconjugated Jaundice) During waiting for exchange transfusion Prophylactic in low birth weight , severely bruised neonate , immediate after birth if RH incompatibility is suspected. • What are the side effects? Hyperthermia, dehydration, loose stool, and skin rash Damage of retina, bronzed baby syndrome , upset maternal infant interaction.

Causes of persistent neonatal jaundice ?

• What is the diagnosis of this condition ? Cephalhematoma - Rt parietal cephalhematoma and vacum extraction site It is a subperiosteal hemorrhage, limited by suture lines, due to traumatic delivery or ventous • What are the expected clinical manifestations ? Anemia, jaundice, fracture in 15 – 20 %. What is the treatment ? Conservative (aspiration is contraindicated)

Causes of cloudy urine : 1. UTI 2. Proteinuria ( nephrotic syndrome ) 3. Calculi of urinary tract 4. Dehydration 5. Acute glomerulonephritis 6. Urinary bilharziasis