Climate Change Planning for Mitigation Shahid Lutfi Climate

Climate Change Planning for Mitigation Shahid Lutfi

Climate Change Multidimensional Issue It is not the case of dealing with a single toxic agent where we can put our finger with certainty on an exposure and the response Climate change affects everything Therefore, requires multi-sectoral response

Changing Perception In Past: Hypothetically discussed A threat in the distant future At Present: Regarded as clear, observable fact Future demand: We must think of the many ways global warming will affect us, our resources, our economic prospects We must adapt and mitigate accordingly

Adaptation Refers to actions intended to safeguard: Person Community Business, or Country against the effects of climate change

Mitigation Refers to any measure that will reduce Greenhouse Gases Emissions

Solving problem from both ends Mitigation addresses the front end By cutting emissions it aims at slow raising temperature Adaptation addresses the back end Trying to live with the changes in the environment and economy (that global warming has generated and will continue to generate)

Solution: Adaptation and Mitigation Is now inevitable By plan or by chaos

Way Ahead Solving problem from both ends Even if we mitigate GHGs emissions 100% today --temperature will keep rising and all the impacts will keep changing for next 25 years

Bottom Line ---- Every Action on Extreme Depending on where you are, this is going to be a Hotter Wetter, Drier, Windier, Hungrier In some places, it may be deadlier, too century than mankind has seen in a while

Our Climate Pakistan contributes very little to the overall GHG emissions, but remains severely impacted by the negative effects of climate change Being a predominantly agriculture economy and vulnerable to extremity of climate, it has a great challenge of protecting itself from the adverse impacts of climate change

Our Strategy Mitigation Adaptation Advocacy In priority impact areas

Areas of interventions Energy Transportation Agriculture Water resources and irrigation system Health Forest Urban planning

GHG Emissions by Sector

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Energy Sector Single largest source of greenhouse gas emissions Also have the greatest potential for development of mitigation options

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Renewable Energy Sources Pakistan has vast potential for renewable energy development (hydropower, wind and solar energy) Go. P attaches high importance to development of renewable energy resources and has recently constituted a high-powered alternate energy board to advise the government on cleaner forms of energy ENERCON, an attached department of the Ministry of Environment is specifically mandated to promote energy conservation and efficiency

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Energy Efficient Power Generation Coal gasification Combine cycle Efficient Tube-wells

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Industrial Energy Efficiency Process change Technology changes EE Motors, energy intensive industries (steel, cement) Efficient boilers District heating and cooling systems Industrial Parks Common utilities

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Energy Efficient Appliances (Standards and Labels) Lighting Compact Florescent Lightbulbs (energy savers) Ø High cost (x 3 to x 5), Long life, Energy consumption 25% Ø 7 watt CFL ~40 watt: 26 watt CFL ~ 100 watt Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Ø Replacement of High Pressure Sodium Bulb Ø Consume 40% less electricity Ø Used in parking areas, traffic lights, high rise illumination

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Energy Efficient Appliances (Standards and Labels) Refrigerators, Air Conditioning etc. Solar water heaters (geysers) Solar stoves Environmental friendly products Cleaner production Safe disposal Recyclable

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Efficient Transportation Fuel Efficient Fleet Promoting sustainable urban mobility Modal shifts (BRT, LRT, etc. ), Traffic demand management, Non-motorized transport (bicycle paths, etc. ), Improved urban planning Reduction/elimination of bottlenecks Reduction in travel time

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Energy Efficient Buildings Building codes (new buildings) Natural ventilation and heating Environmental friendly building material

Bed. Zed: Renovation Project Former Sewage Works Site 82 new homes: 1, 2, 3, 4 bed-houses Commercial space Medical center Nursery Sports center

Bed. Zed: Renovation Project Solar energy usage Super-insulation Water conservation Safe building materials

Bed. Zed: Renovation Project Roof gardens Wind driven ventilation system Heat recovery from ventilation system Natural light usage

Mitigation Areas for Planning and Strategies Environment Friendly Planning Improve architecture planning Resource conservation Reduce emissions

Mitigation Market Transformation and Barrier Removal Mitigation approach evolved recently From supporting technology demonstration projects To promoting market development for low-GHG emission technologies Barrier Removal in order to achieve market transformation Barriers relate to 5 market characteristics: Ø Ø Ø Policy Finance Business skills Information Technology

ARCOLOGY Fusion of Architecture and Ecology Highly integrated 3 -dimensional urban center Maximum land utilization Maximum Energy utilization

International Framework The Kyoto Protocol proposes to set up framework for 1. 2. 3. JOINT IMPLEMENTATION of projects aimed at reduction of GHGs, CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM EMISSIONS TRADING As a party to Kyoto Protocol, Pakistan is in a better position to have access to all three mechanisms Especially CDM leading to increased flow of foreign investment in projects

Thank you