Climate Change Adaptation Climate Adaptation and Bio Diversity
Climate Change Adaptation Climate, Adaptation and Bio Diversity Mihir Mathur International Workshop on Climate Change, Feb 2012 WOTR
Climate Change • Science of Climate Change is Complex to understand • We have a “Systems guide to Climate Change” • Understanding the Reinforcing Processes • 9 Positive Feedback Loops
Earth’s Climate Ice Age Warmer Planet
Global Warming 3 O C 0. 7 O C Ice Age Warmer Planet +10 OC
Variation and Change
Adaptive Capacity Mitigation Adaptation Global Local Gases Water WOTR
Adaptation Proactive Reactive Maladaptation Dovetail
Disaster Slow Onset Widespread Disaster Sudden Onset Localized Easily Detected Destroys the System Establish New System Difficult More Difficult Impossible Renovate the System
Risk Reduction • Risk = Hazard Vulnerability Exposure Capacity • Reducing Risk is a function of reducing any of the Numerators or increasing the Denominator • None of the numerators can become Zero • But they can be reduced
Culture of Risk Reduction • Culture of Risk Reduction – Top Down – Benefits only after Disaster • Culture of coping with Crises – Community Based Disaster Management – Immediate Benefits while reducing the Risk
Types of Risk Known Unknown Known ? ? Known Unknown ? ?
5 Capitals Physical Capital Financial Capital Human Capital Social Capital Natural Capital
Ultimate Means to Ultimate Ends Priceless: Its measurement is fraught with difficulties and vaguely perceived Intermediate Ends Goals that governments promise, that economies are expected to deliver Intermediate Means Inputs to the Economy: Built and Human Capital Ultimate Means Priceless: Natural Capital - Our Heritage Supporting Everything
Human Ecological Pyramid Vulnerable in the Long Term Resilient in the Short Term Resilient in the Long Run Vulnerable in the Short Term
Reducing Vulnerability Ecosystems Based Bio Diversity Ecosystems Dr. Ahluwaliah, Chairman of Planning Comission • Rs. 25 per day • We somewhat agree with him • •
Ecosystem Services • Rs. 2000 a day are available for free • But with a deteriorated Ecosystem the value is as low as Rs. 10 • Thus, our emphasis on Bio Diversity
Bio Diversity • Land Scape – Land – Water • Life Scape – All forms of Life • People Scape – Human Beings – Cultures
Bio Diversity and Environmentalism Adaptive Sustainable Development Ecosystem Centric Anthropocentric Conservation Well Being
Ecosystem Landscape Agrarian Ecosystem Urban Ecosystem Natural Ecosystem • Globalization • Climate Change
Daly’s Principle of Sustainability 1. Renewable Resources Rate of Extraction < Rate of Regeneration 2. Waste Generation < Capacity to Absorb Waste 3. Non Renewable Resources Rate of Consumption < Rate at which alternate technologies can be put in place
Participatory • Those who have a voice shall participate • Questions: – What about those who don’t have voice? – Who are they? – Nature – Yet to be Born
Temporal Boundaries of Equity • Intragenerational • Intergenerational • Transgenerational
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