Clean Snowmobile Challenge 2005 Minnesota State University Mankato
Clean Snowmobile Challenge 2005 Minnesota State University, Mankato
Design Strategy • • • Emissions Noise Fuel Choice Ergonomics Design Cost Analysis Results
Points Breakdown Event • • • Tech Paper Cost Assessment Emissions Oral Presentation Fuel Economy/Endurance Acceleration Handling Cold Start Noise Static Display Total Max Points 100 50 200 75 200 50 1050
Emissions • Four-Stroke Cycle Engine • Mo. Te. C Engine Management System • Lean Air/Fuel Ratio • Lower Exhaust Emissions with E 85 • 3 -Way Catalyst 2003 700 cc Polaris Sportsman
700 Sportsman Engine • Readily Available • Adaptability for Snowmobile Ø CVT Coupling • Cost Ø Approximately 1/3 Price of a Sport Bike Engine • Fuel Adaptability Ø Fuel Injectors
Cylinder Head Selection • Goal to Increase Intake and Exhaust Flow to Improve Performance • Two Heads Available • Sportsman 700 cc (Old) & Frontier 780 cc (EFI) * *(25 in H 20 Test Pressure)
Engine Simulation • Two Software Packages Used – Engine Analyzer Pro – Dynomation Wave Action Simulation • • • Aided in Decision of Engine Modifications Projected Horsepower Computer Simulation Used to Determine Engine Performance
Fuel Injector Selection Flow Rate (Gas) = = Flow Rate (E 85) = = HP(expected) X BSFC # of Injectors X Duty Cycle 45 HP X. 5 lbs/hp-hr 2 X 0. 8 14. 06 lbs/hr x 130% 18. 27 lbs/hr
Mo. Te. C Controller • Closed Loop Operation – – – Oxygen Sensor Manifold Absolute Pressure Air Temp Crankshaft Position Throttle Position Coolant Temperature • Programmable Fuel and Ignition • Improved Emissions and Fuel Economy
Emissions • Earth Friendly! Polaris Frontier 780 cc MSU E 85 683 cc Weighted HC CO Mode 1 20. 12 661. 2 27. 4 0. 12 Mode 1 0. 02556 0. 00072 0. 063 0. 12 Mode 2 9. 77 111. 1 33. 4 0. 27 Mode 2 0. 34695 0. 00999 0 0. 27 Mode 3 2. 69 69. 6 9. 5 0. 25 Mode 3 0. 06175 0. 00025 0. 039 0. 25 Mode 4 0. 14477 0 0. 446 0. 31 Mode 5 0. 9591 0. 00005 0. 029 0. 05 1. 53813 0. 01029 0. 57 Mode 4 Mode 5 2. 36 1. 72 74. 4 6. 8 NOx 3. 0 0. 1 Weight 0. 31 HC 36. 66 923. 0 NOx Weight 0. 05 Total CO 46. 0 g/hp-hr *Results from 2003 Models
Catalytic Converter • 3 -Way Oxidation/Reduction Catalyst • HC, CO and NOx • 400 cells per inch ← Flow
Noise Control • Specifically Designed for National Parks and Environmentally Sensitive Areas – Under-Seat Exhaust – Walker Quiet-Flow muffler – Soundfoam HT Sound Absorbing Material – Wrap-around Snow Flap
Walker Quiet-Flow Muffler • Selected to Dampen Sound at Critical Frequencies
Sound Absorbing Material • Absorbing Foam with Noise Reduction Coefficient of. 52 • 2004 MSU Snowmobile Used Material with a. 23 NRC Wrap-Around Snow Flap • Used to Block Noise Produced by Idler Wheels • Contain Exhaust Noise Between the Track and Ground
E 85 Fuel • Renewable Resource • Chemically Consistent • Higher Octane Level • Higher Oxygen Content • Lower Energy Density • Lower Reid Vapor Pressure • Fuel Heaters • Total Cost per Mile
Properties of Fuels 85% Ethanol 81, 850 BTU/gal Oxygenated Low Volatility 108 PON Gasoline 115, 000 BTU/gal Non-Oxygenated High Volatility 92 PON E 85 Winter Blend 115, 000 BTU/gal X 30% + 76, 000 BTU/gal X 70% = 87, 700 BTU/gal
Fuel Comparison Gasoline (92 PON) Cost: $2. 26 per gal 85% Ethanol $1. 79 per gal E 85 • 24% Less Energy per Gallon • 21% Less Cost per Gallon • 3% Increased Cost per Mile
Cost of Modifications • • • Engine Fuel System Exhaust Electronics Noise Treatment Total $506. 45 $127. 00 $236. 00 $133. 00 $24. 00 $1, 026. 45
Results • Fuel Economy/Endurance – – 1 of 6 teams to finish the 100 mile endurance run • Noise Testing – 3 rd Place (. 5 d. B from 1 st) • Objective Handling – 2 nd Place • Technology Implementation Cost Assessment – 3 rd Place • Cold Start – 1 of 11 teams to pass • Overall rank for CSC 2005 8 th
Sponsors Minnesota Corn Growers Association Minnesota United Snowmobile Association Twin Cities Section of SAE Toro QA 1 OTC Lube. Tech Mo. Hawks Pro Corn Plus Steve Shallbetter Ethanol 2000 Pro-Corn LLC
Questions?
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