Clause or Phrase Clause Has subject Has verb
Clause or Phrase?
Clause • Has subject Has verb
Has subject OR verb OR neither Phrase
Making a big mess Phrase: no subject or verb
It’s sen a tha tenc He wished. t’s w e, hy! Add punctuation Clause: has subject (he); has verb (wished)
SIMPLE SENTENCES are clauses.
Simple sentences have one independent clause. Might have multiple subjects. Don’t be fooled.
What does it mean to be independent? Don’t depend on other people. An in depen dent claus e doe sn’t depen d on other claus es. It can s all by tand itself.
He and Margaret went to the store together. I like school. He ate milk and cookies. On Friday after school, I went to my neighbor’s house to feed the dog and water their plants. ALL SIMPLE SENTENCES
Complex Sentences Has one DEPENDENT clause, and one INDEPENDENT clause.
Dependent vs. Independent
Independent: Clause that can stand alone.
Dependent: Clause that cannot stand alone. It must be attached to an independent clause.
THERE’S MORE, BUT THESE ARE THE MOST COMMON. CE SIN IF RE FO BE SE CA U BE IL UN T HE N W HI L W AS E H UG HO AL T AF TE R AAAWWUBBIS
Eve n if Whe hough reas t n e v E Althoug h Provided that Where Words that can start a dependent clause: So tha A r e ft t Before Un h g u o h T When ce n i S ce n O Whenever Because Wherever Unless If til Wh y Whether he t a R n a h rt Wh il e As
Eve n if Whe hough reas t n e v E Althoug h Provided that Where Words that can start a dependent clause: So tha A r e ft t Before Un h g u o h T When ce n i S ce n O Whenever Because Wherever Unless If til Wh y Whether he t a R n a h rt Wh il e As
h g u o h t n e v E Words that can start a dependent clause:
Even though it wasn’t raining, our game was canceled. -or. Our game was canceled even though it wasn’t raining. Both of these have an independent clause and a dependent clause. Complex Sentence
How is a clause becomes DEPENDENT… It wasn’t raining. Independent: can stand all by itself. It’s a sentence!
How a clause becomes DEPENDENT… It wasn’t raining. Even though Ad co ding DE njun your PE cti ND on subo EN ma rd T. ke ina s i te t
t n e d Even though it wasn’t raining n e ep D t n e d canceled. n Our game was pe e d In Put them together for a complex sentence.
Even though it wasn’t raining, our game was canceled. -or. Our game was canceled even though it wasn’t raining. Look carefully to note the punctuation difference between the two. Can you guess the comma rule here?
Rather than doing my homework right when I get home Because Mrs. Curry despises late work If you can’t say something nice The dependent NEEDS the independent.
Rather than doing my homework right when I get home Because Mrs. Curry despises late work If you can’t say something nice Notice these are not complete thoughts?
Rather than doing my homework right when I get home, I prefer doing it after dinner. I always turn my work in on time because Mrs. Curry despises late work. If you can’t say something nice, don’t say anything at all. Add an INDEPENDENT clause, and suddenly, they work!
Comma rule with dependent clauses…
e Example: d De n pe s u a l C t en If the dependent clause comes before the independent clause, separate the clauses with a comma. Indepen dent Cl ause The above definition IS the example!
Example: n Ind e ep t n de se u Cla There is no comma needed if the dependent clause comes after the independent clause. The above definition IS the example! Dependent Clause
Phrases: Not a sentence. Cannot stand alone. Missing subject. Or verb. Or both.
Examples: Prepositional Phrase In the classroom, you will find Mrs. Curry hard at work. After, for, over, of, near, on, in, under, off, over, at, to, by, above, with, down
Appositive Phrase: restates, expands, or explains in a parenthetical statement. Set it off with commas. My favorite hobby, painting, gives me great comfort during stressful moments.
Appositive Phrase: restates, expands, or explains in a parenthetical statement. Set it off with commas. Mrs. Curry, my favorite teacher, makes learning fun.
Which is it? Prepositional or Appositive?
Her dog, a Havanese, is terrible with children. I went for a walk in the woods. During the game, the referee fell on his head. The American ambition, to become a famous You. Tuber, is a ridiculous notion.
Appositive Prepositional Her dog, a Havanese, is terrible with children. Prepositional I went for a walk in the woods. Prepositional During the game, the referee fell on his head. Appositive The American ambition, to become a famous You. Tuber, is a ridiculous notion.
- Slides: 35
