Classifying Ornamental Plants Objectives Describe systems used for
Classifying Ornamental Plants
Objectives ► Describe systems used for classifying plants. ► Describe the differences between annuals, biennials, and perennials. ► Identify the major groups of plants.
Plant Classification ►A means of grouping plants according to their similarities, such as their botanical and descriptive characteristics. For example: § Flowering patterns § Stems § Life structures § Life Cycles § Genetics, etc.
Plant Classification ► This systematic classification is referred to as, Taxonomy. ► People who study plant characteristics are called, Taxonomist.
Plant Classification Botanical: ►Identifies plants according to their physical characteristics. Descriptive: ►System that identifies plants by their use and life cycle.
Plant Classification Botanical: § This systems characteristics are classified using 7 categories, from general to specific. Categories: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Plant Classification ► Honey locust Tree: § Plantae § Tracheophyta § Angiospermopsida § Rosales § Leguminosae § Gleditsia § Triacanthos
Plant Classification ► All plants are in the Kingdom: Plantae (plants with tissue specialized for conducting materials). And all are in the Phylum: Tracheophyta. ► There are many Classes, Orders, and Families of plants. ► Even though each plant is categorized using at least seven names, we call plants by only their last two scientific names: Genus, Species.
Plant Classification ► This is a naming system called Binomial Nomenclature (which means a two-name system of identifying). Genus: (Upper case) Species: Species (Lower case) ► This classification system was developed by Carolus Linnaeus.
Plant Classification ► Genus: Is a group of plants that are similar to each other. ► Species: Is a group of plant that are genetically similar in that they can pollinate each other.
Plant Classification ► Gerber Daisy: (Common Name) § Gerbera jamesonii ► Poinsettias: (Common Name) § Euphorbia pulcherrima ► Japanese Elm Tree: (Common Name) § Ulmus davidiana var. japonica
Plant Classification ► When classifying plants they are classified more by their stem types, foliage retention and flowering patterns (visual characteristics) ► Also, plants are classified by their life structures, life cycle and genetics.
Plant Classification ► The life structure and cycle is based on their; § Vegetative Growth Period ►(leaves, stem) § Reproductive Growth Period ►(asexual, seeds, etc. ) § Dormancy Growth Period ►(winter, summer, fall and spring)
Plant Classification ► Plants are divided into three (3) life cycles (start to finish). ► Annuals: Complete their life cycle in one growing season. ► Biennials: Completes their life cycle in two growing seasons. ► Perennials: Plants that live for three or more growing seasons.
Annuals ► They have to be replanted every year. ► Have an Herbaceous stem, which is a stem with no woody tissue in it ► Summer Annuals: § Planted in spring, harvested in fall ► Winter Annuals: § Planted in fall, harvested in following summer § Petunias, Marigolds, Geraniums, impatiens, etc.
Biennials ► Complete their vegetative growth in the first year, and then usually flowers during their second season. ► They must also be replanted every year. § Cabbage, beets, carrots (vegetables)
Perennials ► Flower for a short time. They can be both soft (Herbaceous) and hard woody plants. ► Perennials do not usually have a predetermined age of death. § Herbaceous: Shrubs § Woody: Maple, Apple, etc.
Major Groups of Plants ► The plant kingdom has become successful all over the Earth. They have done so by adapting to a wide variety of different conditions and niches. The following are some major groups of plants. ► Bryophytes: ► Ferns: ► Gymnosperms: ► Angiosperms:
Major Groups of Plants ►Bryophytes: § Non-vascular plants. Live in damp areas. § Mosses, Liverworts
Major Groups of Plants ► Ferns: § Vascular Plants, which produce spores. Have no true leaves.
Major Groups of Plants ► Gymnosperms: § Plants that reproduce with seeds, such as conifers, pines, cedars, and deciduous plants.
Major Groups of Plants ► Angiosperms: § Seed plants, whose seeds develop in a fruiting body. Reproduce by flowers. § Lilies, bedding plants, etc.
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