Classifying Organisms Taxonomy Hierarchical system of classification Different
- Slides: 24
Classifying Organisms
Taxonomy • Hierarchical system of classification – Different levels of specificity • Purpose – Scientific name – allows precise identification • Genus species • Example - Homo sapiens – Grouping according to evolutionary relationships
Species • Group of organisms that: – Share fairly consistent appearance and function – Can be distinguished from other organisms – Interbreed • Approximately 1. 4 million species identified • Estimated 10 million in existence
Variation Within a Species
Taxon • Named taxonomic unit at a particular hierarchical level – Domain – Kingdom – Phylum – Class – Order – Family – Genus – Species Most Inclusive Least Inclusive
Structural Relationships • Homologous – Similar structures – Shared ancestor – Often differ because of divergent evolution • Analogous – Similar structures – Different ancestors – Product of convergent evolution
Phenetics • Grouping according to sum of shared characteristics – Individual characteristic are equal in significance
Cladistics • Grouping according to evolutionary divergence – Cladogram – a graphical representation of evolutionary relationships • Each branch point is assigned a homology – Derived Character
Types of groupings • Monophyletic – Single ancestor • Polyphyletic – Multiple ancestors – Not an acceptable grouping • Paraphyletic – Excluded species share common ancestor
Bacteria • Prokaryotes • Most primitive organism – Many highly specialized forms • Most abundant on earth – Found everywhere • 12 -15 major groups • Evolved efficient methods to harness energy – Aerobic respiration – Photosynthesis
Archaea • Prokaryotes • Diverged from Bacteria • Three categories – Methanogens – Extremophiles – Nonextreme archaebacteria
Eukarya • Eukaryotes • Complex organelles • Most have energy organelles – Mitochondria – Chloroplasts • Includes organisms with the following: – Sexual reproduction – Diploid genomes – Multicellular
Origin of Eukaryotes
- What is the hierarchical system used to classify organisms?
- Science of naming and classifying organisms
- Lesson 2 classifying organisms answer key
- Classifying organisms worksheet
- Lesson outline classifying organisms
- Lesson 2 classifying organisms answer key
- Fungi cell
- Discipline of classifying and naming organisms
- The science of naming and classifying organisms
- The scientific discipline of classifying organisms
- Kingdom animalia cladogram
- Discipline of classifying and naming organisms
- Kendall's and marzano's new taxonomy verbs
- Dear king phillip came over
- Binomial nomenclature consists of two names *
- Most general to most specific classification
- 8 major levels of classification
- Taxonomy in biology
- Hierarchy of classification
- Competitive interaction
- Single celled and multicellular organisms
- Close interaction between two different organisms
- Meiosis
- Different types of living organisms
- Tetrad meiosis