CLASSIFYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS CLASSIFYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS FIVE BASIC
CLASSIFYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CLASSIFYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS
FIVE BASIC WAYS TO CLASSIFY CHEMICAL REACTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Synthesis Decomposition Single-Replacement Double-Replacement Combustion
Synthesis Reactions: • Generic Reaction • X + Y-->XY • Definition-In this equation, X and Y can be compounds or elements. The result XY is a compound. 2 Reactants and 1 Product
Examples of Real Synthesis Reactions: • 2 Ba + O 2 -->2 Ba. O • 4 Cu + O 2 -->2 Cu 2 O • 2 Na + Cl 2 -->2 Na. Cl
Decomposition Reactions: • In a decomposition reaction, an compound is broken down into two simpler substances. The generic formula of a decomposition reaction is: • XY --> X + Y • Decomposition reactions are the opposite of synthesis reactions. 1 Reactant and 2 Products
Examples of Real Decomposition Reactions: • 2 Hg. O --> 2 Hg + O 2 • 2 H 2 O --> 2 H 2 + O 2
Single Replacement Reactions: • In this type of reaction, one element replaces a similar element in a Aggressive metal wins compound. • A + XY --> AY + X 1 free element + compound • In this equation, A, X, compound + 1 free element and Y are the elements and XY, AY, and XA are the compounds.
Examples of Single Replacement Reactions: • • • 2 Al + 3 Fe(NO 3)2 3 Fe + 2 Al(NO 3)3 Zn + Cu. Cl 2 Mg + Pb(NO 3)2 Fe + Na 3 PO 4 2 K + Zn. Cl 2
Examples of Real Single Replacement Reactions: • • 2 Al + 3 Fe(NO 3)2 3 Fe + 2 Al(NO 3)3 Zn + Cu. Cl 2 Cu + Zn. Cl 2 Mg + Pb(NO 3)2 Pb + Mg (NO 3)2 Fe + Na 3 PO 4 N. R.
Double-Replacement Reactions: • In a double-replacement reaction, the two compounds exchange places in a solution to form two new compounds. The general equation of a double-replacement reaction is: • AB + XY --> AY + XB 2 compounds
Examples of Real Double-Replacement Reactions: • Pb(NO 3)2 + 2 KI --> Pb. I 2 + 2 KNO 3 • Fe. S + 2 HCl --> H 2 S + Fe. Cl 2 • HCl + Na. OH --> Na. Cl + H 2 O
Combustion Reactions: • When a substance combines with oxygen Oxygen is needed to Burn releasing a large things. amount of energy in the form of light and heat, it is a combustion reaction. Generic C + O 2 CO 2 + heat
Examples of Real Combustion Reactions: • examples of combustion reactions • C 3 H 8 + 5 O 2 --> 3 CO 2 + 4 H 2 O + heat • 2 CH 4 + 4 O 2 2 CO 2 + 4 H 2 O + heat
FIVE BASIC WAYS TO CLASSIFY CHEMICAL REACTIONS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Synthesis 2 reactants 1 product (like marriage) Decomposition 1 reactant 2 products(like divorce) Single-Replacement(most aggressive element wins) Double-Replacement (switch partners) Combustion=Burning (need oxygen to burn things)
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