Classifying Animals PROKARYOTE vs EUKARYOTE UNICELLULAR vs MULTICELLULAR

What is biodiversity? • 3 levels of biodiversity are. . . • Genetic, Species,

Level 1: Genetic Diversity The genetic differences among species are attributed to species having

Genetic Diversity • Why is it important? • Gene pool: the sum of all

Within a species. White-cheeked Rosella, showing genetic variation that is geographically based Within a

Homo sapiens, where genetic diversity has a geographic pattern, but which shows much diversity

Distribution of O blood type in South America The O allele is almost fixed

Level 2: Species Diversity Beetles: Over 350, 000 species on Earth 8

Species Diversity • The variety and abundance of species in a given area. –

Species Diversity is all around us… • “Researcher Finds New Bee Species in Downtown

Level 3: Ecosystem Diversity Ecosystems are hard to characterize since (a) boundaries are often

Ecosystem Diversity • The variety of ecosystems in the biosphere. • Ecosystems provide “ecosystem

Ecosystem Diversity • Which of the following are ecosystems? a) b) c) d) e)

Homework • Create a dichotomous key for Kingdoms – Use Table 1. 5 on

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Classifying Animals - PROKARYOTE vs EUKARYOTE - UNICELLULAR vs MULTICELLULAR - Dichotomous Keys

What is biodiversity? • 3 levels of biodiversity are. . . • Genetic, Species, Ecosystem 2

Level 1: Genetic Diversity The genetic differences among species are attributed to species having different alleles of the same gene. 3

Genetic Diversity • Why is it important? • Gene pool: the sum of all the versions of all the genes (alleles) in a population • How do you define a population? Ø Same species, area and time. • Would there be a greater genetic diversity within a species or a pop’n?

Within a species. White-cheeked Rosella, showing genetic variation that is geographically based Within a population. Spring Beauty, where different genetic strains are found in the same forest. 5

Homo sapiens, where genetic diversity has a geographic pattern, but which shows much diversity within local populations too. 6

Distribution of O blood type in South America The O allele is almost fixed whereas A is rare and B is absent)

Level 2: Species Diversity Beetles: Over 350, 000 species on Earth 8

Species Diversity • The variety and abundance of species in a given area. – E. g. populations, subspecies, “races” • Species diversity helps conservationists decide where to concentrate efforst 9

Species Diversity is all around us… • “Researcher Finds New Bee Species in Downtown Toronto” (2010) • A York University Ph. D. student, who discovered a new species of bee on his way to the lab one morning, has completed a study that examines 84 species of sweat bees in Canada… 10

Level 3: Ecosystem Diversity Ecosystems are hard to characterize since (a) boundaries are often “soft”, and (b) no two landscapes are really the same. 11

Ecosystem Diversity • The variety of ecosystems in the biosphere. • Ecosystems provide “ecosystem services” – Each a different organ in the body of earth – Pg. 37 #9 • They are resilient • Why is it bad for humans to alter ecosystems to enhance its “services”? 12

Ecosystem Diversity • Which of the following are ecosystems? a) b) c) d) e) Flower basket Surface of your skin Schoolyard Lake Ontario The tundra • What do your answers tell you about ecosystem diversity? 13

Homework • Create a dichotomous key for Kingdoms – Use Table 1. 5 on page 29 as a guide