Classification What is classification classification is the grouping

Classification

What is classification? �classification is the grouping of objects or information based on similarities �taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms

Scientific Naming �Common names are used in everyday speaking Ex. cat �Scientific names are universally accepted by all scientists Ex. Felis domesticus

Scientific Naming Carolus Linnaeus developed the rules of binomial nomenclature: 1. the name must be in Latin 2. the 1 st word is always capitalized 3. the 2 nd word is always lowercase 4. the whole two word name must be underlined

Classification Categories Linnaeus developed the taxa (categories) that are used today: • Kingdom • Family • Phylum/division • Genus • Class • Species • Order

Which two taxa make up a scientific name? genus & species

How do scientists classify organisms today? �Evolutionary history (phylogeny) �Developmental stages (embryology) �Similar chemistry (DNA, amino acids) �Behavioral patterns (courtship rituals)

Phylogenetic Classification species that share a common ancestor, also share an evolutionary history (phylogeny)

Cladistics �shows how many organisms diverged from a common ancestor �uses the idea of derived traits to make a branching diagram called a cladogram

Phylogenetic Trees �use fossil evidence as well as genetic and cladistic info. to arrange organisms �show relationships between modern and extinct species �usually look like a tree