Classification Taxonomy and Evolution Taxonomy a branch of
Classification
Taxonomy and Evolution Taxonomy – (a branch of Biology) involves the identification, naming, and classification of species • One goal of taxonomy is to assign a universal scientific name to each known species
Binomial Nomenclature • Each species is assigned a two part scientific name • Scientific names are written in italic • First word begins with a capital letter • Genus • Second word is lowercase • Species Ex: Homo sapian
The Linnaean System of Classification K: King P: Phillip C: Came O: Over F: For G: Good S: Spaghetti
Modern Evolutionary Classification Phylogeny – the evolutionary history of lineages • is to group species into larger categories that reflect lines of evolutionary descent, rather than overall similarities and differences
Phylogenetic Trees • The pattern of branches can tell you how closely related species are • The farther the “split” the further “away” the two species are from each other • The closer the “split” the more related
Cladistics • Method mostly used today Derived Characters – unique features that unite the organisms as a clade (group) Cladogram – links groups of organisms by showing how evolutionary lines, or lineages, branched off from common ancestors.
Six Kingdom Scheme • • • Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protist Fungi Plantae Animalia
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