Classification of Matter What is classification l Classify

Classification of Matter

What is classification? l Classify the following things into two classes: n n n n Dog Cat Dolphin Whale Tuna Shark Tiger Human

Classification in Chemistry l Chemistry focuses on matter and its interactions l We rely on knowing how matter is classified to tell us about its properties

Types of Properties l Extensive Properties: a property that changes when the size of the sample changes l Ex: mass volume

Types of Properties l Intensive Properties: Properties that remain constant independent of the amount of sample present l Ex: melting point hardness density

Self Check l Determine if each of the following is an extensive or intensive property n Smell n Density n Length n Luster n Malleability

Matter l Anything that has mass, and takes up space! l Everything is matter! l Matter can be broken down into two classes: n Mixtures n Pure substances

Pure Substance l Form of matter that cannot be separated by physical means l Can be broken down into: n Elements n Compounds

Elements l. A pure substances that cannot be further decomposed (broken down) by ordinary chemical methods Elements are made of all of the same type of atoms n These are what make up the periodic table n n Examples l Oxygen (O) l Gold (Au) l Iron (Fe)

Compounds l Compound n can be decomposed (broken down) into two or more simpler substances (elements) by ordinary chemical means n Compounds are made of multiple elements n Properties of a compound are usually different from the properties of the elements that make it up n Examples (usually given formula) l Water (H 2 O) l Sodium Chloride (Na. Cl)

Classes of Matter cont. l Mixture Two or more substances physically mixed together n A mixture generally has the same properties as the substances that make it up n Can be broken down into: n Homogenous Mixture l Heterogeneous Mixture l

Mixtures Ctd l Homogeneous Mixture n Homo = same n Also called a solution n Homogeneous mixture has the same properties throughout l Parts are not visible l Examples? n Salt water n Kool Aid

Mixtures Ctd l Heterogeneous Mixture n Hetero = different n Heterogeneous mixture has different properties throughout l Parts are visible l Examples? n Fruit salad n Vegetable Soup

Matter Flow Chart l Make a flow chart, starting with matter, that helps to explain how matter is classified l Terms that must be on map (include an example of each as well): n Matter, mixture, pure substance, element, compound, homogenous mixture, heterogeneous mixture, solution

Classify the Following using Flow Chart l l l l Lead (Pb) Iced Tea Milk Dirt Silver (Ag) Rocky Road Ice Cream Snickers Bar l l l l Gatorade Hydrogen Peroxide (H 202) Nachos Water Vapor (H 20) Gravel Wood Sugar (C 6 H 12 O 6)

Classify the Following using Flow Chart l l l l Nickel (Ni) Chocolate Milk Pizza Beach Salt (Na. Cl) Trail Mix Glue l l l l Salsa Coffee Spaghetti Water Vegetable Oil Gas (CH 4) Sugar (C 6 H 12 O 6)