CLASSIFICATION OF LAWS YFBI Cultic Ceremonial Laws Sacrificial

CLASSIFICATION OF LAWS Ø YFBI Cultic / Ceremonial Laws � Sacrificial laws (Lev 1 -7) � Purification laws (Lev 11 -15) Ø Ceremonial Laws � laws related to the worship (ceremony) � laws focus rules or regulations Ø Moral Laws - Decalogue 2

YFBI TWO KINDS OF MORAL LAWS APODICTIC LAW (COMMANDMENTS): u Function: General Abstract Moral Principles for All Time Ø CASUISTIC LAW (CASE-LAW): u Function: Specific Concrete Applications for Ancient Israel Ø Mixed Form 3

LAW CODES IN THE PENTATEUCH Passages Title Form of Law Ex 20: 2 -17 Exodus Decalogue Apodictic Law Ex 20: 22 -23: 19 Covenant Code (C) Casuistic Law Ex 34: 14 -26 Ritual Decalogue Mixed Form Lev 1 -7, 11 -16 Lev. Instructions Cultic Law Lev 17 -25 Holiness Code (H) Mixed Form Deut 5: 6 -21 Deut. Decalogue Apodictic Law Deut 12 -26 Deut Laws (DL) Casuistic Law 4

YFBI CHRISTIANS ARE NOT KEEPING SABBATH Ø Sabbath �Mark 16: 9在七日的第一日清早、耶穌復活了、 Ø Sunday �Acts Equivalent : Sunday worship Worship (descriptive) 20: 7七日的第一日、我們聚會擘餅的時候、 Ø Sunday worship is mandatory (Heb 10: 25) �Heb 10: 25你們不可停止聚會、好像那些停止慣 了的人、倒要彼此勸勉．既知道〔原文作看見 〕那日子臨近、就更當如此 15

GENERAL PRINICIPLES Ø Interpretation �ANE YFBI of OT Laws backgrounds: parallels? �Scope: people: Jews / Gentiles �de-contextualization - timeless truth Ø Application of OT Laws �re-contextualization – contemporary specific situation 18

YFBI EXAMPLE 1: NO IDOLS / OTHER GODS Ø ANE: � all nations have idols & multiple gods (unique in Israel) Ø Scope: � “other v also Ø gods” = idols / deities of foreign nations referred to invisible gods (Deut 7: 17 ; 8: 17, 19; 9: 4) Generalized principle: � includes invisible gods – materialisms, wealth, power, fame…etc. Ø App: � identify anything that replaces God in our hearts and let go of them. 19

YFBI EXAMPLE 2: MISUSE OF GOD’S NAME Ø ANE: � practice Ø of swearing by the name of a deity Scope: � blaspheme God’s name (Lev 24: 1 off), swear in the name of God to enhance truthfulness (Matt ) v not modern sense of western swearing with Jesus’s name � Generalized: making use of God for personal benefits � App: doing business “claiming to be Christian” / or in church? 20

YFBI INTERPRETATION OF CASE LAWS Case Law: “If this happens, then do this …” Ø Case Law Study Guide: Ø 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ANE background of the situation Interpretation of the condition “if / when” Interpretation of the consequence “then” Deduce the timeless principle Sepcific application of the univeral truth to our current situation 21

YFBI 1. ANE BACKGROUND OF THE SITUATION Ø E. g. Deut 25: 4 "牛在踹穀的時候，不可籠住牠的 嘴。" � ANE parallel: v. H 268 If a man rents an ox for threshing, 20 SILA of grain is its hire. � (COS, 2: 350) Ø Context of Deut: seems out of place in Deut 25: 1 -3 � Deut 25: 3只可打他四十下、不可過數、若過數、 便是輕賤你的弟兄了 22

YFBI 2. INTERPRETION OF THE CASE Ø E. g. Deut 25: 13"你袋裡不可有兩樣不同的 法碼，一大一小； 14你家裡不可有兩樣不 同的升斗，一大一小。 �Scope: Mere possession met the condition! v. Two situations: pocket or at home �Assumption? 23

YFBI 3. INTERPRETING THE CONSEQUENCE Ø Understand the consequence (then…) � What is the stated penalty? � Divine intervention? Ø E. g. Deut 15: 15你要有準確公正的法碼，你要有 準確公正的升斗，好使你在耶和華你的神賜給你 的地上，得享長壽。 � Consequence of non-violation � Promise of practicing justice = 你的日子就可以長 久 (CUV) v. CUV is a better translation (not about long life) � Extended v. No exile days on the promised land 24

4. TIMELESS PRINCIPLE Ø Ø Ø YFBI How ancient Israel applied it: What is the operating or governing principle / rationale? Generalized principle: (de-contextualize) � E. g. : Deut 25: 4 "牛踹穀的時候，不可籠住牠的嘴。" � Man is not to abuse / use animal for selfish personal gain � Justice principle is applicable to animal as well as human � Profit maximization is discouraged � Any worthy labor should be rewarded accordingly (by extension) 26