CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS ICT NOTE SCHEME OF WORK

SCHEME OF WORK FOR SUMMER TERM WEEKS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this lesson, students should be able to :

INTRODUCTION There are different ways of classifying computers. The common ways classification are: 1.

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER BY GENERATION The evolution of digital computing is often divided into

ØThird generation computers(1964 -1970): The development of the integrated circuit was the hallmark of

CLASSIFICATION BY TYPE OF DATA PROCESSED ØAnalog computers: An analog computer is a computer

EVALUATION 1. Mention at least three features of each generations of computer? 2. Differentiate

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CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS ICT NOTE

SCHEME OF WORK FOR SUMMER TERM WEEKS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 TOPICS Application of ICT in everyday life Classification of computers The computer system Computer software Operating System Revision Examination

LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this lesson, students should be able to : 1. Classify Computers by Generation 2. State the classification of computer by types

INTRODUCTION There are different ways of classifying computers. The common ways classification are: 1. By Generation 2. By Type of data processed 3. By Size 4. By Degree of Versatility(or purpose)

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER BY GENERATION The evolution of digital computing is often divided into five generations: ØFirst generation computers(1940 -1956): The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms. Ø Second generation computers(1956 -1963): Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and ushered in the second generation of computers. One transistor replaced the equivalent of 40 vacuum tubes. Allowing computers to become smaller, faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more reliable. Still generated a great deal of heat that can damage the computer.

ØThird generation computers(1964 -1970): The development of the integrated circuit was the hallmark of the third generation of computers. Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips, called semiconductors, which drastically increased the speed and efficiency of computers. Ø Forth generation computers(1970 -1984): The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of computers, as thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip. As these small computers became more powerful, they could be linked together to form networks, which eventually led to the development of the Internet. Ø Fifth generation computers(till date): Based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). Still in development. The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. The goal is to develop devices that respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and self-organization. There are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today.

CLASSIFICATION BY TYPE OF DATA PROCESSED ØAnalog computers: An analog computer is a computer that transmits analog data. It represents data in a continuous manner of their physical quantity. Examples of analog data are temperature, speed, pressure. etc. Analog devices are: Thermometer, Stethscope, Car Speedometer, weight scale. ØDigital computers: Digital computers are computers that function by taking discrete numbers. These computers understand digits or binary. i. e 0 and 1. Examples are: Micro computers, laptop computers e. t. c ØHybrid computers are computers that accept both digital and analog data. They are used for scientific and engineering applications.

EVALUATION 1. Mention at least three features of each generations of computer? 2. Differentiate between Analog and Digital computer giving two examples each? 3. What is a hybrid computer and where can it be found or used?