Classification Notes Linnaeus and Biological What is Classification

Classification Notes Linnaeus and Biological

What is Classification? • identifying, naming and categorizing living things based on their physical and biological characteristics.

Taxonomy • Discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a universally accepted name.

Why is taxonomy constantly changing? • New knowledge is gained and new discoveries are made

Linnean System of Classification • Consists of 7 levels • Each level of classification is called a taxon • Mnemonic device: Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools

Taxonomic Categories • • (Domain) (Eukarya) Kingdom (Animalia) Phylum (Chordata) Class (Mammalia) Order (Primates) Family (Hominidae) Genus (Homo) Species (sapiens)

Binomial Nomenclature • • • Two Latin names 1 st Word: Genus 2 nd Word: Species Genus is capitalized Both words are underlined or italicized Ex: Homo sapiens or Homo sapiens

A Species is a group of organisms that are • • • 1. Physically similar (look alike) 2. Potentially interbreeding 3. Share the same gene pool 4. Reproductively isolated 5. Produce viable (fertile) offspring

How do new species form? Reproductive isolation-either geographic, temporal, or behavioral

6 Kingdoms • • • Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

Which kingdoms can reproduce both sexually and asexually? • Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Examples • • • Eubacteria Ex. Streptococcus Archaebacteria Ex. Thermoacidophiles (love hot, acidic places) Protista Ex. Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena Fungi Ex. Mushroom, mold Plantae Ex. Moss, Oak Tree Animalia Ex. Jellyfish, Earthworm