CLASSIFICATION KINGDOMS Why do scientists need to classify

CLASSIFICATION & KINGDOMS

Why do scientists need to classify organisms?

Classification • For thousands of years scientist and naturalists have attempted to understand the relationship between organisms.

Classification 1. Over 2000 years ago the Greek philosopher Aristotle began grouping plants and animals according their structure.

Classification 2. Taxonomy The science of naming and categorizing organisms.

Classification 3. In the 1750’s a Swedish Biologist named Carolus Linnaeus devised a Latin two-word system called binomial nomenclature.

Classification Canis lupus Genus - First word refers to a taxonomic category containing similar species. Organisms are assigned to a genus based on major characteristics. Canis latrans

Classification The 2 nd word identifies a particular organism within the genus and is typically a descriptive word. • canis lupus – lupus is Latin for wolf

Classification • This two word system is the accepted scientific method of naming organisms world wide.

Classification • 1. Prokaryote • 2. Eukaryote • 3. Heterotrophy • 4. Autotrophic • 5. Unicellular • 6. Multicellular • 7. Classification • 8. Taxonomy • 9. Linnaeus • 10. Binomial Nomenclature

Taxonomic categories: • BROADEST TO MOST SPECIFIC • Kingdom……King • Phylum……. . Philip • Class………. Came • Order………. Over • Family……. . . For • Genus………Good • Species……. Soup

Taxonomic categories: • Kingdom – A group of closely related phylum. • Animalia

Taxonomic categories: • Phylum – A group of closely related classes. -Chordata

Taxonomic categories: • Class – A group of closely related orders. -Mammalia

Taxonomic categories: • Order – group of closely related families -Carnivora (meat eater)

Taxonomic categories: • Family – group of closely related genus • Felidia (cats)

Taxonomic categories: • Genus – group of similar species that are alike in general features and are closely related. -Panthera

Taxonomic categories: • Species – Physically & genetically similar and able to successfully reproduce. -Panthera tigris (Bengal Tiger)

Domains to Kingdoms There are three domains: Eukarya Archaea, Bacteria,

6 Kingdoms • Archaebacteria – Domain Archaea • Eubacteria – Domain Bacteria • Fungi – Domain Eukarya • Protists – Domain Eukarya • Plants – Domain Eukarya • Animals – Domain Eukarya