Classification Classification I Classification The grouping of things

Classification I. Classification- The grouping of things according to similar characteristics. a. characteristicstraits, features,

b. classifications systems must be meaningful, easily understood, and easily communicated c. Taxonomy- science

II. Today’s classification system a. has two jobs 1. gives each organism a unique

III. The First Classification System a. Aristotle- began first system in 4 th century

b. Carolus Linnaeus- 18 th century -Swedish scientist - Today’s classification system is based

IV. Binomial Nomenclature a. - each organism is given two names 1. genus- think

3. -genus name is capitalized -species name is not -both are written in italics

Felis concolor puma, mountain lion, cougar

b. 7 major groups of classification Kingdom phylum class order family genus species -

6 Kingdoms 1. Archaebacteria- “ancient bacteria” -autotrophs and/or heterotrophs -live on ocean floor, salty

2. Eubacteria -prokaryotes -autotrophs and heterotrophs -many are helpful -unicellular

3. Protists -autotrophs and heterotrophs -unicellular and multicellular -eukaryotes- cells that have a nucleus

4. Fungi -heterotroph -unicellular and multicellular -eukaryotes -mold -mildew -mushrooms -yeast

5. Plants -autotrophs -multicellular -eukaryotes- nucleus -flowers -ferns -trees

6. Animals -heterotrophs -multicellular -eukaryotes -dog -cat -man -etc.

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Classification

Classification I. Classification- The grouping of things according to similar characteristics. a. characteristicstraits, features, qualities

b. classifications systems must be meaningful, easily understood, and easily communicated c. Taxonomy- science of classification

II. Today’s classification system a. has two jobs 1. gives each organism a unique name—genus species 2. groups organisms according to basic characteristics that reflect their evolutionary relationships

III. The First Classification System a. Aristotle- began first system in 4 th century B. C. 1. divided into plants and animals

b. Carolus Linnaeus- 18 th century -Swedish scientist - Today’s classification system is based on his work 1. he developed binomial nomenclature

IV. Binomial Nomenclature a. - each organism is given two names 1. genus- think of your family name 2. species- think of your first name

3. -genus name is capitalized -species name is not -both are written in italics Ex. Canis lupus- wolf Homo sapien- man

Felis concolor puma, mountain lion, cougar

b. 7 major groups of classification Kingdom phylum class order family genus species - largest, most general group - smallest, most specific group -members of a species can mate to produce fertile offspring

King Philip Came Over For Great Soup

Liger = male lion, female tiger

Tigon = female lion, male tiger

tigon

Mule = male donkey, female horse

Branching Diagram

6 Kingdoms 1. Archaebacteria- “ancient bacteria” -autotrophs and/or heterotrophs -live on ocean floor, salty water hot springs -prokaryotes- cells without a nucleus -unicellular

archaebacteria

2. Eubacteria -prokaryotes -autotrophs and heterotrophs -many are helpful -unicellular

eubacteria

3. Protists -autotrophs and heterotrophs -unicellular and multicellular -eukaryotes- cells that have a nucleus -ameba, paramecium, euglenas -algae -kelp

ameba

protist

algae

4. Fungi -heterotroph -unicellular and multicellular -eukaryotes -mold -mildew -mushrooms -yeast

mushroom

Mushroom spores

mildew

Bathroom Mildew

5. Plants -autotrophs -multicellular -eukaryotes- nucleus -flowers -ferns -trees

6. Animals -heterotrophs -multicellular -eukaryotes -dog -cat -man -etc.