Classification Classification A system of labeling and grouping
Classification
Classification • A system of labeling and grouping • Taxonomy is the practice of classifying
How do we classify in every day life? • Movies: Horror, action, comedy, drama • Music: Rap, rock, pop, country, electronica
Why classify? • Classification adds order and helps us make sense of the world • Classification also tells us how closely related organisms are
Linnaeus • Carolus Linnaeus proposed a system where organisms would be classified in hierarchical groups
• Domai n • Kingdom • Phyla • Class • Order
• Domai n • Kingdom • Phyla • Class • Order • Movie • Live Action • Horror • Supernatural horror • Found Footage • Paranormal Activity 4
• Dear King Phillip Come Over For Good Spaghetti
Example: Human • • Domain: Eukaryotes Kingdom: Animal Phylum: Chordate (has a backbone) Class: Mammal Order: Primate Family: Hominid Genus: Homo Species: Homo sapiens
Scientific names • • • Comprised of the genus and species Human = Homo sapiens Wolf = Canis lupus Rose = Rosa rosa First word capitalized, second word lowercase
• Language barriers In the United States the term “buzzard” applies only to vultures • In the United Kingdom, “Buzzard” can mean a hawk. • But Coragyps atratus refers to the American black vulture everywhere
Phylogenetic Trees/Cladograms • Visual representations of how organisms are related • Similar to family trees/pedigrees • Also called the“Tree of Life”
Nodes Branche
• Nodes = Places where speciation occurred, common ancestors • Branches = Individual species
• Groups next to each other are called sister groups • Humans and armadillos are sister groups in this diagram
• Horizontal lines show shared derived characteristics
Assignment: Dichotomous key
• 1. Pick 10 aliens and identify them with the dichotomous key. Write this down next to the alien or on a separate paper (identify which aliens you are doing!) • 2. Create a dichotomous key for the second set of 10 aliens. Group them based on shared characteristics.
How to create the key • Find a characteristic that separates the aliens into two groups. Ex: Do the organisms have hair? • Set up a question: • 1) a. The organism has hair Go to 2 • b. The organism does not have hair 3 • Continue until every species is sorted Go to
- Slides: 20