Classical principle of training Over load reversibility variety

ﺍﺻﻮﻝ کﻼﺳیک ﺗﻤﺮیﻦ Classical principle of training ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ Over load ﺑﺮگﺸﺖ پﺬیﺮی reversibility ﺗﻨﻮﻉ variety ﻭیژگی ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻬﺎی ﻓﺮﺩی individuality specificity کﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ modulation Diminishing return ﻣﺸﺎﺭکﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ Active participation Multilateral development ﻓﻌﺎﻟیﺖ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗی Preliminary activity

Bio-motor abilities Flexibility Coordination Speed Endurance Speed endurance Agility Power endurance Perfect flexibility 4 Perfect coordination Strength Muscular endurance Power Max. speed Agha-Alinejad H. (2013) www. drh-fitness. com Aerobic endurance Anaerobic Max. endurance strength

ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺖ ﻭیژﻪ ﺑﺎﺯی : ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩی Game Specific Endurance Aerobic Endurance Anaerobic Endurance Strength Endurance Aerobic Capacity Speed Endurance Power Endurance Aerobic Power Lactate Tolerance Endurance Speed GSE Endurance strength

ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕ skill endurance Endurance Aerobic Endurance Anaerobic Endurance Aerobic Capacity Speed Endurance Aerobic Power Lactate Tolerance SKILL ENDURAN CE Endurance Speed Combined endurance GSE HSE Multilateral endurance Strength Endurance Power Endurance ENDURANCE STRENGTH

ﻣﻔﺎﻫیﻢ ﺟﺪیﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺖ ﻭیژﻪ New concept in specific endurance Endurance Aerobic Endurance Anaerobic Endurance Aerobic Capacity Speed Endurance Aerobic Power Endurance Lactate Tolerance Endurance Speed SKILL ENDURANCE HSE Multilateral endurance Strength Endurance Concentration endurance IP ENDURANCE Deciding endurance Combined endurance GSE ENDURANCE STRENGTH

Definition of vigilance v There activation states of cerebral cortex that impact the ability to process information. These activation states can be tonic or phasic and may be relatively global or more localized. Terms that have been used to describe these states include arousal, Consciousness, vigilance, and attention. v Consciousness is the quality or state of awareness, or, of being aware of an external object. the ability to experience or to feel, wakefulness, having a sense of selfhood.

Definition of vigilance v Vigilance = Sustained attention = Tonic alertness Ø To be watchful Ø To be alert Ø What is happening Ø and what can happen

Underlying mechanisms and physiology Vigilance certainly involves several neurotransmitters that working together Ø Serotonin projection system raphe nuclei Ø Norepinephrine projection system locus coeruleus Ø Dopamine - midbrain's substantia nigrae and ventral tegmental areas (VTA) v Other factors impacting vigilance Ø Suprachiasmatic nucleus v

Serotonin v Serotonin action : serotonin often does not directly excite other neurons but instead modulates the responses of neurons to other neurotransmitters. For example norepinephrine and dopamine. v pathway: subcortical nuclei including the centrally located thalami: the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala.

Norepinephrine v Norepinephrine action: Norepinephrine has multiple roles. First, it relays messages in the sympathetic nervous system, as part of the autonomic nervous system's fight-or-flight response. Secondly, norepinephrine prepares the brain to encounter and respond to stimuli from the environment, thereby facilitating vigilance. So in both roles, norepinephrine mediates arousal. v Pathway : The axons of neurons in the loci coerulei project to both sides of the brain where they release norepinephrine.

Suprachiasmatic nucleus v Suprachiasmatic nuclei lie directly behind each eye. suprachiasmatic nuclei control our circadian rhythm. v Suprachiasmatic nuclei play an important part in the SEEKING-VIGILANCE construct, a sort of operating system for the brain. v The suprachiasmatic nuclei are linked to the neurons that produce norepinephrine in the loci coerulei, within the pons portion of the brainstem

Vigilance v Suprachiasmatic nuclei Seroto nin and the loci seroto nin coerulei are connected in a circuit via the "dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. ”

ﺍﺻﻞ کﺎﺭﺍیی ﺗﻤﺮیﻦ Training Efficiency HIT vs CT

HIT vs CT

3 6 Agha-Alinejad H. (2013) www. drh-fitness. com Baechle and Earle (2008)

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) Blood flow restriction (BFR) is applied with intent to restrict arterial blood flow into the muscle of interest and occlude venous outflow of the muscle, Resulting in venous pooling. 3 7 Agha-Alinejad H. (2013) www. drh-fitness. com

BFR and low-load resistance training … BFR protocols: 3. 3 cm wide cuff; ~ 110 mm. Hg; %30 -50 1 RM; 3 x/week (Takarada et al. 2000). 5 cm wide cuff; 160 -240 mm. Hg; %20 1 RM; 3 x/week (Karabulut et al. 2011). 3 8 5 cm wide cuff; 100 -130 mm. Hg; %30 1 RM; 2 x/week Agha-Alinejad H. (2013) www. drh-fitness. com (Yasuda et al. 2011).

ﺍﺻﻞ ﻧﺸﺎﻁ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺮیﻦ principle of exhilarating exercise

Figure 5. Comparisons of neurological status of four rat groups after sacrifice. Ke Z, Yip SP, Li L, Zheng X-X, et al. (2011) The Effects of Voluntary, Involuntary, and Forced Exercises on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Motor Function Recovery: A Rat Brain Ischemia Model. PLo. S ONE 6(2): e 16643. doi: 10. 1371/journal. pone. 0016643 http: //www. plosone. org/article/info: doi/10. 1371/journal. pone. 0016643

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