Classical Conditioning Module 15 Classical Conditioning Introduction Learning
- Slides: 41
Classical Conditioning
Module 15: Classical Conditioning Introduction
Learning • A relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience
Classical Conditioning • A type of learning where a stimulus gains the power to cause a response because it predicts another stimulus that already produces that response • Form of learning by association
Stimulus-Response • Stimulus - anything in the environment that one can respond to • Response – any behavior or action
Stimulus-Response Relationship
Stimulus-Response Relationship
Behaviorism • The view that psychology should restrict its efforts to studying observable behaviors, not mental processes. • Founded by John Watson
Module 15: Classical Conditioning Components of Classical Conditioning
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) • A stimulus that triggers a response automatically and reflexively
Unconditioned Response (UCR) • The automatic response to the unconditioned stimulus • The relationship between the UCS and UCR must be reflexive and not learned
Conditioned Stimulus (CS) • A stimulus that through learning has gained the power to cause a conditioned response • The CS must be a neutral stimulus before conditioning occurs.
Conditioned Response • The response to the conditioned stimulus • Usually the same behavior as the UCR
Module 15: Classical Conditioning Ivan Pavlov’s Discovery
Ivan Pavlov (1849 -1936) • A Russian physiologist who discovered classical conditioning while doing experiments on the digestive system of dogs
Pavlov’s Method of Collecting Saliva
Pavlov’s Research Apparatus
Pavlov’s Experiment
Pavlov’s Experiment
Pavlov’s Experiment
Module 15: Classical Conditioning Generalization and Discrimination
Generalization • Process in which an organism produces the same response to two similar stimuli • The more similar the substitute stimulus is to the original used in conditioning, the stronger the generalized response
Generalization
Discrimination • A process in which an organism produces different responses to two similar stimuli • The subject learns that one stimuli predicts the UCS and the other does not.
Module 15: Classical Conditioning in Everyday Life: Little Albert
Little Albert • 11 -month-old infant • Watson and his assistant, Rosalie Rayner, conditioned Albert to be frightened of white rats • Led to questions about experimental ethics
Little Albert – Before Conditioning
Little Albert – During Conditioning
Little Albert – After Conditioning
Little Albert - Generalization
Little Albert • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=FMnhy Goz. Ly. E
Module 15: Classical Conditioning in Everyday Life: Taste Aversion
Taste Aversion • Subjects become classically conditioned to avoid specific tastes, because the tastes are associated with nausea. • John Garcia (1917 - )
Module 15: Classical Conditioning Cognition and Biological Predispositions
Biological Perspective • We are predisposed to learn things that affect our survival. • We are predisposed to avoid threats our ancestors faced--food that made us sick, storms, heights, snakes, etc. --but not modern-day threats--cars, water pollution, etc.
Examples of Classical Conditioning • The first time you hear the song from an ice cream truck it means nothing to you (NS). However, the thought of ice cream (UCS) makes you crave it (UCR) and when you hear the song from the ice cream truck (now the CS), it makes your mouth water (CR).
Examples of Classical Conditioning • A soldier in the navy or armed forces may be trained to jump out of bed and snap into action (CR) at the sound of a horn. Before, the horn would have meant nothing (NS) but when paired with impending danger (UCS) the horn (CS) begins to cause the same reaction (CR)in the soldier that danger would have. Even years after, a soldier may hear a horn and sense danger
Examples of Classical Conditioning • When you were a child, you could always hear the garage door open when your father came home from work (NS). You ate dinner (UCS) every day very soon after he got home. One evening while at a friend's house, you heard his brother open the garage (CS) and you begin to feel hungry (CR) and ask when dinner will be ready.
Examples of Classical Conditioning • In school, before Ms. Stratton makes an announcement over the intercom, you can slightly hear the speaker turn on. When Ms. Stratton is talking, teachers make the class quiet down and be respectful. If a student fails to stop talking, the teacher commonly ends up punishing the student for their bad behavior. Now every time you hear the speaker turn on you stop talking and wait for an announcement to come on.
Examples of Classical Conditioning • Gerry wanted to teach his pet iguana to wait to be commanded to eat his food, in order to do so he would prick the lizards hand say eat. Eventually when Gerry would tell the lizard to eat, the lizard would associate the word "eat" with the prick, so when it heard the word eat, he ate in fear of the prick.
The End
- Classical vs operant conditioning
- Operant vs classical conditioning
- Classical vs operant conditioning
- Classical conditioning and operant conditioning
- Classical conditioning and operant conditioning
- Operant conditioning vs instrumental conditioning
- Classical and operant conditioning are forms of
- Pavlov effect
- Classical conditioning vs operant conditioning
- Operant conditioning classical conditioning
- How we learn and classical conditioning module 26
- Fixed ratio reinforcement
- Instrumental learning vs classical conditioning
- Example of classical conditioning
- Variable schedule of reinforcement
- Module 27 operant conditioning
- Cuadro comparativo de e-learning b-learning y m-learning
- Little albert experience
- Pavlovs dog
- Second-order conditioning examples
- Classical conditioning panic disorder
- Contoh iklan classical conditioning
- Law of effect thorndike
- Little albert classical conditioning
- Unconditioned vs conditioned stimulus
- Outline pavlov's classical conditioning
- Neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus
- Omission training ap psychology
- Classical conditioning generalization
- Observational learning
- Little albert experiment
- Contingency model rescorla
- Classical conditioning cs us ur cr
- Real life example of classical conditioning
- Classical conditioning reflex
- Youtube child conditioning
- Mr cormick
- Learned behavior
- Classical conditioning panic disorder
- Latent learning psychology definition
- Classical conditioning biology
- Types of associative learning