Classes of Communication Technology DEFINITIONS Print Graphic Communication

Classes of Communication Technology DEFINITIONS: – Print Graphic Communication Visual, lingual messages that include printed media – Photographic Communication Using photographs, slides, or motion pictures to communicate a message – Telecommunications Communicating over a distance – Technical Graphic Communication Specific information about a product or its parts Size and shape, how to install, adjust, operate, maintain, or assemble a device IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Classes of Communication Technology EXAMPLES: 1. Print Graphic Communication Newspaper, poster, brochure, billboard 2. Photographic Communication Photographs, slides, motion pictures 3. Telecommunication Radio and t. v. broadcasts, computers, mobile and satellite 4. Technical Graphic Communication Engineering drawings (sketches, drafting, CAD) IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Matching Classes 1. 2. 3. 4. Print Graphic Communication Photographic Communication Telecommunications Technical Graphic Communication 3 1 2, 3 1 2 1 Telephone Book Videotape DVD Magazine Photograph Newspaper 3 3 3 2 2 1, 2 Headphones Computer Remote Control Painting Camera Comic Strip 2 -4 Billboard IOT POLY ENGINEERING

Print Graphic Communication Technology – Major Processes: • Relief 2. The plate is covered in ink Intaglio – A modeled work that is raised (or lowered) from a flat background. By 593 A. D. , the first printing press was invented in (in-tal-yo) – Cuneiform by the Sumerians ~6000 years ago. China, and the first printed newspaper was available 3. Excess ink is removed from surface – Wood block printing ~200 C. E. in Beijing in 700 A. D. It was a woodblock printing. And – Movable type printing ~1040 C. E. (Gutenberg ~1450) the Diamond Sutra, the earliest known complete – Intaglio (in-tal-yo) ~1430 woodblock printed book with illustrations was printed 4. Paper placed on plate and – Rotary printing press ~1843 in China in 868 A. D. And Chinese printer Bi Sheng compressed • Lithography printing) ~1796 invented movable(offset type in 1041 A. D. in China. – The source and destination are not on raised surfaces 5. Paper is removed and ink has been transferred – Grease and water do not readily mix 1. Depressions cut into Low Relief Cuneiform IOT printing – plate A chemical process High Relief POLY ENGINEERING – Most modern books and newspapers 2 -4

Communication Technology Print Graphic Communication • Screen Printing (~1000 C. E. , China; 1907 England) – Mainly billboards, package labels, fabric designs – Uses a woven mesh (a screen) to support an ink blocking stencil. – The stencil forms open areas of mesh that transfer ink as a sharp-edged image onto a substrate. – A roller or squeegee is moved across the screen stencil forcing or pumping ink past the threads of the woven mesh in the open areas. • Electrostatic (1938 / 1960 s) – Photocopier, Laser Printer – Opposite charges attract • Ink Jet (1980 s) IOT 2 -4 ENGINEERING – Use a series of nozzles to spray ink directly on POLY paper

Photographic Communication Technology • Photographic Communication – The process of using photographs to communicate a message – Photography – capturing light on a light-sensitive material such as film or electronic sensor – As a usable process, 1820 s – Includes photographs, slides, and motion pictures IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Communication Technology • Telecommunications – Communicating over a distance Tele – Greek, “far off” Communicare – Latin, “to share” – Rely on the principles of electricity and magnetism – 2 types: • Hardwired systems (telephone, cable, fiber-optic) • Broadcast systems (radio and t. v. , mobile phones) – Point-to-point: • One transmitter and one receiver – Broadcast: • One powerful transmitter to numerous receivers IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Communication Technology Telecommunications – Smoke signals and drums – Chains of beacons (Middle Ages) • Navigation signals • Enemy troops approaching – Homing pigeons • Carrier pigeons used as early as 1150 in Baghdad • Olympic victors, Greece; Stock options, Europe – Optical telegraph (semaphore, 1792, France) • Towers with pivoting shutters • Information encoded by the position of the mechanical elements IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Communication Technology Telecommunications – Telegraph (mid 1830 s) • First instrument used to send messages by means of wires and electric current • A device interrupts the flow of a current through a wire • Uses shorter and longer bursts of current to represent letters • Device at receiving end converted electrical signal into clicks • Operator/mechanical printer converted clicks into words • Telegram – wires over land • Cable – wires under water – Telephone (1876 – Bell and Gray) • Greek: tele – far, phone – sound IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Telecommunications Play Morse Code Video IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Communication Technology Telecommunications – Broadcast • Radio (1893 – Tesla, 1901 – Marconi) • Television (1925) – Greek: tele – far, Latin: visio – seeing – 4 main parts (cathode ray tube) – Electron gun fires 3 beams – Steering coils move electron beam across screen – Phosphorus screen has over 200, 000 pixels – Glass tube holds it all together – Signals are broadcasted like radio signals IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Telecommunications Communication Technology – Computers – Internet – Cellular – Local Area Networks – Satellite Communication IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING

Technical Graphic Communication Technology – Engineering Drawing / Technical Illustration • Communicates specific information – Size and shape – How parts are assembled – How to install, operate, adjust, maintain a device • Hand methods – Sketching – Drafting • Computer methods – CAD (Auto. CAD, Sketchup, Inventor, Pro. Engineer, etc. ) IOT 2 -4 POLY ENGINEERING