Class Osteichthyes Bone endoskeleton Thin flexible scales Ctenoid

Class Osteichthyes • Bone endoskeleton • Thin flexible scales Ctenoid Cycloid (______ or ______) Operculum • Bony ____ pumps water across gills • Most have swim bladder • Homocercal ______ (symmetrical) tail • Protrusible jaw with terminal mouth

Class Osteichthyes: Bony Fishes

Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Osteichthyes What type of scale is this? Ctenoid Scale _______ Ctenoid Scale

Cycloid Scale Cycloid _______ Scale What type of scale is this? Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Osteichthyes

Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Chondrichthyes Placoid Scales What type are scales are these?

1. Operculum 2. Dorsal fins 3. Caudal fin 4. Lateral line 5. Pectoral fin 6. Pelvic fin 7. Anal fin 2 2 1 3 5 4 6 7

Caudal fin Anal fin Second dorsal fin Lateral line First dorsal fin Operculum Pelvic fin Pectoral fin Eye Nostril

B. Swim bladder A. Gills D. Heart Liver E. Stomach C. Gonad F. Intestine

A. Gills D. Heart E. Pyloric caeca B. Swim bladder C. Gonad F. Stomach G. Intestine

Swim bladder 5. 6. Gills 1. Gills 2. Heart 3. 4. Stomach Swim Liver bladder Gonad 7. 8. 9. Liver Stomach 10. Intestine

Stomach Perch Anatomy Gills Ventricle (Heart) Liver Pyloric caeca Intestine Spleen Gall Bladder Intestine Urinary bladder Gonad Intestine Liver Ventricle (Heart) Atrium (Heart) Gills

Parts of a Typical Epipelagic Fish

3 2 3 4 5 1 6 7 8 9 1. Gills 6. Heart 2. Kidney 7. Liver 11 10 8 3. Swim bladder 8. Stomach 4. Gonad 9. Pyloric ceca 5. Urinary bladder 10. Pancreas 11. Intestine

Pharynx • Behind mouth • Houses gills • Gill arches may be equipped with inwardly directing projections called gill rakers that aid in filtering food from the water

Esophagus, Stomach, and Intestine • The esophagus is short and contains taste buds • The stomach functions in storage • Pyloric caeca secrete digestive enzymes. • Carnivores have short intestines, herbivores have long intestines. • The intestine functions in the digestion of nutrients

Caudal fin Anal fin Second dorsal fin Lateral line First dorsal fin Operculum Pelvic fin Pectoral fin Eye Nostril

Gills Swim bladder Heart Liver Stomach Gonad Intestine

A. Gills D. Heart E. Pyloric caeca B. Swim bladder C. Gonad F. Stomach G. Intestine

A B

C B C D E A F G H I L J K