CLASS 9 COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY COMPUTER METAPHOR Computer metaphor
- Slides: 22
CLASS 9
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
COMPUTER METAPHOR • Computer metaphor: thinking is simply the processing of information • • =
COGNITIVE REVOLUTION • 1960 -1975 • Extended the rigor of learning approaches • Maximizes the thinking aspect
What’s in the black box ?
Here’s what: A FLOW-CHART OF PROCESSES
IMPACT • changed all branches of psychology • gave psychology two Nobel prize winners
Dan Kahneman • Nobel Prize 2003 • Psychology of attention • Former UBC prof
Herbert Simon • Nobel Prize 1978 • Memory • Psychology of economics
OTHER EXAMPLES of IMPACT • Linguistics – Chomsky – hardwired system • Animal research
Social psychology (social cognition) • Q: What social information do we process? • A: Salient information – loud, bright, moving, unusual • Q: Who is prejudiced? • A: Everyone – Automatic stereotyping, then controlled inhibition • Hot vs. Cold cognition – Mostly cold -- one hot e. g. is cognitive dissonance
Artificial Intelligence (AI) • A unique product of cognitive revolution • No subjects; no experiments • AI researchers simulate human thinking with machines • They write computer programs • Assumption: a perfect simulation should reveal nature of human thinking
Chess Playing Programs 1997 IBM’s Deep Blue beats Kasparov
General Knowledge programs 2010 IBM’s Watson wins Jeopardy Contest
But do computers really think? Yes, if they pass The Turing Test -after Alan Turing -British mathematician -see film ‘The Imitation Game’
- what is the Turing Test? – -human or computer ? Turing Tournaments: Home Page of the Loebner Prize A Turing Test for Computer Game Bots Technology Review
The first chatter-bot ELIZA: computer therapist • Simulates Rogerian therapy • Reflects and encourages more talk
• Let’s try the TURING TEST on ELIZA http: //www. cyberpsych. org/eliza/ http: //nlp-addiction. com/eliza/
Better ones ? • A. L. I. C. E. , Mitzuku • Reverse TURING: • for example • CAPTCHA
Critique of Artificial Intelligence • Can computers ever simulate humans completely ? Cyborgs? • If not, what’s missing ? • Can we every program those features?
Be Very Afraid ? HAL-9000 Takes over the spaceship Space Odyssey: 2001
Should we be afraid? Deep Blue, Watson & HAL -be careful about what you program !
- Sailboat metaphor positive psychology
- Cognitive and non cognitive religious language
- Cognitive psychology concepts
- Paradigms of cognitive psychology
- Emphasis
- Yerkes dodson law ap psychology example
- Cognitive approach assumptions
- 5 major domains of psychology
- Cognitive economy psychology definition
- History of cognitive psychology
- History of cognitive psychology
- Cognitive meaning in psychology
- Cognitive approach definition
- Cognitive psychology crash course
- Cognitive model psychology
- Structural linguistics and behavioral psychology
- Hamid zolfaghari
- Reconstructive memory ib psychology
- Cognitive levels of development
- Cognitive dissonance
- Flooding ap psychology
- Visual pathways
- Transduction cognitive psychology