Civil War Vocabulary and Causes of the Civil

Civil War Vocabulary and Causes of the Civil War

Antebellum Underground Railroad States’ Rights Secession Overseer Nullification Abolition Black Codes Free State Border States Slave State Sectionalism

Antebellum- The period before the Civil War. States’ Rights- The belief that a state’s interests should take precedence over the interests of the national government.

Overseer- A person hired to manage slaves on a day to day basis. Abolition- The movement to do away with something, particularly slavery in the 1800’s. Free State- A state that did not allow slavery.

Slave State- A state that allowed slavery. Underground Railroad-A series of roads, houses, river crossings, and people who helped southern slaves escape to the north or Canada.

Secession- The act of pulling out of the Union. Nullification- To declare a law invalid. Black Codes- Laws enacted in the South that took away nearly all of the rights of slaves by regulating their actions.

Border States- States that stayed with the Union but kept slavery. Sectionalism- The belief by the people in a given region or area that their ideas and interests are better and more important than those of another region or area.

Causes of the Civil War Slavery- The North and South disagreed over whether it was right for one man to own another. Many northerners were abolitionists and wanted slavery to end. The South depended on slaves to provide labor to grow cotton and other agricultural products.

Causes of the Civil War States’ Rights. The North felt that the national government should be strong and have balanced power with the states (Federalism)

Causes of the Civil War States’ Rights. The south still liked the idea of a Confederation. They wanted the states to have more power than the national government. Southern states felt that if the United States was controlled by the north, slavery could be reduced or even ended. They feared losing their way of life.

Causes of the Civil War Those who wanted to end slavery were called abolitionists. Famous abolitionists include Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, and Harriet Beecher Stowe. Tubman Douglass Stowe https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=e. Mw. FXANPZOo

Causes of the Civil War Changes in the US over time on Slavery

Causes of the Civil War Sectionalism. The North saw itself as • • • Urban Modern Industrial Whig Party Based on trade Farming based on new technology- plows, harvesters, hired workers

Causes of the Civil War Sectionalism. The South saw itself as • • • Rural Family-oriented Cultured Democratic Party Based on agriculture especially cotton using slavery

Causes of the Civil War 1820 - The Missouri Compromise The U. S. had 11 slave states and 11 free states. Missouri wanted to enter the Union as a slave state, giving more power in the Senate to slave states. To keep balance, Maine was created as a free state. Also, no states north of Missouri could be slave states in the future.

Causes of the Civil War Nullification Crisis- 1832 South Carolina hated tariffs on imported goods and threatened to secede from the Union because of them. They felt states could nullify (not follow) any law they didn’t agree with. Congress reduced some tariffs to calm South Carolina.

Causes of the Civil War

Causes of the Civil War Compromise of 1850 Because of the California gold rush of 1849, California was big enough to become a state and wanted to be a free state. This would unbalance the Senate and give the North more power. To calm the South, Congress passed a law (The Fugitive Slave Act) saying runaway slaves must be returned to their owners.

Causes of the Civil War Compromise of 1850 Georgia supported the compromise in the “Georgia Platform”, knowing it was necessary if the state wanted to stay in the Union. Other states followed Georgia’s lead and accepted the Compromise, preventing civil war for 11 years.

Causes of the Civil War Dred Scott Decision 1834 - Dred Scott, a slave, was taken from Missouri (slave state) to Illinois (free state). Scott claimed he was free since he had lived in a free state. Supported by abolitionists, the case went to the Supreme Court. 1857 - the Court said as a slave, he was not a citizen and could not sue. This angered Northerners.

Causes of the Civil War Election of 1860 became the breaking point between the North and the South. Republicans wanted Abraham Lincoln for president. He was against everything the South wanted. Lincoln won with virtually NO support from the South.

Causes of the Civil War Election of 1860 Lincoln never said he would end slavery. He ran saying he would try to stop the spread of slavery.

Causes of the Civil War Southerners no longer felt they were part of the Union. Georgians began to discuss secession, and all eyes turned toward South Carolina. SC had said they would secede if Lincoln was elected. In December, 1860, 100% of delegates to a convention in SC voted to secede.

Georgia’s choice Follow South Carolina and leave the Union (secede)? Stay as a slave state and stay in the U. S. A, knowing the president wanted to stop the spread of slavery?

Georgia’s decision Georgia voted 166 to 130 to leave the Union. Georgia was one of 7 states to follow SC before the war began.

Causes of the Civil War

Causes of the Civil War

The Fight Begins § § § http: //www. pbs. org/video/1832507650/ § The Union had forces on Fort Sumter in SC SC & Confederacy wanted them out They attacked the fort several times April 12 -13, 1861 South won and North left the fort Start of the Civil War