Civil War The War Begins South Carolina First

Civil War

The War Begins • • South Carolina: First State to Secede Virginia: Last State to Secede Other states that Seceded: Tenn, Miss, Alabama, Louisiana, Texas, Georgia, Florida, Arkansas, North Carolina, South began by setting up their own Government based upon the original constitution. The biggest difference was the South remained a confederacy (this would prove to be a major problem) The first altercation came at Fort Sumter in S. C Fort Sumter – Union fort in Confederate land – South wanted full evacuation – North refused

Fort Sumter Dilemma • Lincoln couldn’t evacuate fort because he would justify and acknowledge Southern Secession. • Lincoln could not fight because he would start the war • Davis left the decision up to Lincoln • Lincoln decided to send food instead of weapons • Davis had no recourse but to attack.

Strategies • North: – North began by blockading the coast – North then began to implement the Anaconda Plan. • The would sweep down to the South through the Miss River while another larger force tried to take Richmond • South: – Defense – Small Invade when possible. – Look for Foreign support

Technology • • Canned food Breach loaded riffle Grape Shot Trench warfare Iron Clad Ships Submarine Torpedo Mini Ball

Antietam and Gettysburg • The only two times the Confederacy tried to invade the North • Two bloodiest battles of the war. • North claimed victories in both battles • Both battles could have ended the war for the South • Antietam resulted in the Emancipation Proclamation • Gettysburg in combination with Vicksburg became the turning point of the war.

The Turning Point • Gettysburg was last time the South would ever invade the North • Britain would not support the South without a Northern victory. • South would not be able to amass enough troops to invade the North • On the same day as Gettysburg was finishing Grant finish laying siege to Vicksburg • Grant became commander of the Army of the Potomac • Sherman became commander of the Southern forces. • Sherman began his march to the sea.

The War comes to an end • With Lee losing to Grant in the East and Sherman destroying town after town the South it became time to prepare for surrender • Lee and Grant met at Appomattox Court House in Virginia where Lee sought terms for surrender.