Civil War Section 1 Vocabulary Border States Definition

Civil War Section 1

Vocabulary Border States ◦ Definition: slave state that stayed with the Union ◦ Sentence: Border states felt preserving the Union was the most important issue.

Vocabulary Blockade ◦ Definition: the isolating or closing off of a port by hostile ships to prevent entrance or exit ◦ The Union blockaded Southern ports.

Notes Question #1 ◦ What were the strengths and weaknesses of the North and South?

Notes Union States Border States NY, ME, NH, VT, MA, CT, DE, MD, WV, KY, MO RI, PA, NJ, OH, IN IL, MI, WI, MN, IA, CA, O R, KS Confederate States VA, NC, SC, GA, AR, TN, FL, MS, LA, TX, AL

Notes Northern Advantages: Could Field, Feed, and Equip an Army ◦ More People 2/3 of the countries population ◦ Better Transportation 2 x the rail roads ◦ 2 X the Farm Fields ◦ More Industry 110, 000 FACTORIES

Notes Northern Strategy ◦ Blockade the South ◦ Gain Control of the Mississippi River ◦ Invade Richmond VA

Notes Northern Weakness ◦ Weak generals at the beginning of the war ◦ Not many trained Soldiers ◦ Fighting mostly occurred in the South on unfamiliar terrain

Notes Southern Advantages Military Advantage ◦ Will to fight ◦ Top Military Generals ◦ Home Turf ◦ Help from locals

Notes Southern Strategy Fight until the North gave up or realized the South would become its own nation Supplied by Britain

Notes Southern Weakness ◦ Not many factories ◦ Less advanced weaponry ◦ Fewer people to fight ◦ Little transportation

Notes Soldiers: ◦ South Men ages 18 -45 Mostly poor farmers ◦ North ½ Farmers ¼ immigrants

Notes Conditions: ◦ Muddy roads and fields ◦ No clean water ◦ Disease: Small Pox, Typhoid Fever ◦ Prisons were over crowded and lacked resources. Many prisoners were forced to eat rodents or die

Civil War Section 2

Vocabulary Iron Clad ◦ War ships covered with protective iron plates ◦ The ironclads faced each other in only one battle.

Vocabulary Casualty ◦ A person killed or injured in battle ◦ The Civil War saw the highest casualty rate out of any American War

Notes Question 2 ◦ Why did neither the Union nor the Confederacy gain a strong advantage during the early years of the war?

Notes New technologies used in the Civil War New Rifles were more accurate and quicker to load Ironclads were warships covered with protective iron plates. The Unions’ was named the Monitor and the Confederacy’s was named Merrimack.

Notes Reactions: After each video write a reaction to it Leave 2 lines between each ◦ Video 1 ◦ Video 2 ◦ Video 3 ◦ Video 4

Video http: //www. history. com/topics/civil-war -technology/videos#civil-war-biological -warfare http: //www. history. com/topics/civil-war -technology/videos#trench-warfare http: //www. history. com/videos/civilwar-weapons-whose-were-better#civilwar-weapons-whose-were-better http: //www. history. com/videos/civilwar-weapons-whose-were-

Notes The War in the East ◦ U. S. General, Like General Mc. Clellan were overly cautious ◦ Rarely attacked the southern army ◦ The North lost several of the first major battle of the Civil War including Bull Run and Chancellorsville ◦ Lee tried to invade the north twice and failed

Notes Antietam Creek ◦ Location: Sharpsburg MD ◦ Casualties: N: 12, 400 ◦ S: 13, 700 ◦ Leaders: N: Mc. Clellan ◦ S: Lee ◦ Outcome: North Won ◦ Importance: Lincoln would write the Emancipation Proclamation Bloodiest single day battle in US History

Notes The War in the West ◦ Main goal was to conquer the Mississippi River ◦ Heaviest fighting took place in Tennessee and Mississippi ◦ South lost New Orleans ◦ Ironclads didn’t work as well as they hoped

Notes Battle of Shiloh Location: Shiloh Tennessee Casualties: N: 13, 000 S: 13, 700 Leaders: N: Grant S: Johnston/ Beauregard Outcome: North Won Importance: Shown Grant would fight at any cost

Notes Battle of Shiloh http: //www. history. com/topics/america n-civil-war/videos#the-battle-of-shiloh

Civil War Section 3

Vocabulary Emancipate ◦ To free from restraint, control, or from the power of another ◦ Abraham Lincoln emancipated the slaves in the southern states.

Vocabulary Habeas Corpus ◦ The right of a citizen to obtain protection against illegal imprisonment ◦ Your right to habeas corpus prevents you from being arrested without a warrant.

Vocabulary Draft ◦ To select for required military service. ◦ During the Civil War both sides drafted men to fight.

Vocabulary Greenbacks ◦ A legal tender note issued by the US Government to be used as currency. ◦ Greenbacks were easy to counterfeit during the Civil War.

Vocabulary Inflation ◦ The general rise in prices ◦ During the Civil War inflation rose dramatically in the United States.

Notes Question #3 ◦ What social, political, and economic changes resulted from the War?

Notes Emancipating the Slaves After the Battle of Antietam, Lincoln released the Emancipation Proclamation It freed slaves only in areas fighting the union. (Not in Border States) Many freed slaves began to join the Union Army

Notes Social Changes Pg 525 -527 Pg 531 -532 Economic Changes Pg 531 Political Changes Pg 528 -529 Pg 530

Civil War Section 4

Vocabulary Siege ◦ the act or process of surrounding and attacking a fortified place in such a way as to isolate it from help and supplies. ◦ Sherman took siege of Atlanta Georgia.

Notes Question #4 ◦ How did the events at Gettysburg and Vicksburg change the course of the war?

Notes Vicksburg ◦ Location: Vicksburg, Mississippi ◦ Casualty: N 10, 000 ◦ S 9, 000 ◦ Leaders: N Grant ◦ S Johnston ◦ Outcome: North Won ◦ Importance: Union gained control of the Mississippi ◦ Turning point in the west

Agenda Notes (1 slide) Videos (3) Worksheet: Gettysburg Address Quiz Friday: Importance of Gettysburg and Vicksburg, Social, Political, and Economic Changes Homework: Packet due Tuesday

Notes Gettysburg Location: Gettysburg, PA Casualty: N 23, 050 S 28, 000 Leaders: N Meade S Lee Outcome: North Won Importance: Turning point in the East Lee would never go farther North

Videos http: //www. history. com/topics/battle-of -gettysburg/videos#gettysburg-battlestrategy http: //www. history. com/topics/battle-of -gettysburg/videos#chamberlaindefends-little-round-top http: //www. history. com/topics/battle-of -gettysburg/videos#last-charge-atgettysburg

Civil War Section 5

Vocabulary Total War ◦ The organized destruction of an entire land- not just its army ◦ Sherman used total war to force the South to surrender.

Notes Question #5 ◦ What events led to the end of the war?

Notes Sherman’s March to the Sea ◦ Started in Georgia then went to the coast and north through the Carolinas ending in Richmond, VA ◦ Burned down cities, towns, and farms including Atlanta, GA. Stole food and supplies, Killed lives stock, tore up rail roads. ◦ Forced Southern soldiers to return home to help their families with the devastation

Notes Fall of Richmond ◦ April 2, 1865 Conf lines broke and Lee with drew from Petersburg ◦ When word of Lee’s retreat reached Richmond, Davis and his cabinet gathered documents and gave orders to burn bridges and weapons that would be useful to the Union ◦ Confederates set fire to the city and left

Notes Appomattox Court House ◦ Formal end of the war came on April 9, 1865 ◦ Lee and Grant met at Appomattox Court House, VA ◦ Terms of Surrender: Lee’ s soldiers could keep small fire arms Officers could keep their horses No one would disrupt troops on their way home