Civil War pt 2 Diplomacy in the War

Civil War – pt. 2

Diplomacy in the War �The Confederacy had hoped for Britain or France’s support �Why did the governments want to support the Confederacy? �Why did the people in those countries not want to support the Confederacy? �Trent affair – (1861) closest that Britain had to entering war when Union stopped British ship from Cuba with 2 Confederate diplomats on board. � France in Mexico – Napoleon Maximilian III tried to get around the Monroe Doctrine � CSS Alabama – Confederate ship built in Britain, sailed out of British ports.

Medicine and Diseases in War �Use of the “mini-ball” �Infections �Amputations �Why were Civil War Battlefields so deadly? �Clara Barton �“Angel of the Battlefield” �Asked for Sanitation rules �Led the nurses in the U. S. �Helped ID bodies �Later started the American Red Cross

Civil War Prisons �Both sides would do prison exchanges (but not black soldiers) �Both sides had lots of corruption in prisons �Both sides had poor conditions (but south was worse) �Most famous: Andersonville (GA) � 33, 000 men on 26 acres �Water from 1 stream � 29% died �Henry Wirz - commander

Media during the War �Photography �Matthew Brady � 1 st war with visuals not painted �Communication due to telegraph �Could get information within minutes � What was the effect on Wall Street? �Copperheads – Democrats in the north against the war. �Many had newspapers shut down by the government �Suspending of the Writ of Habeas Corpus by Lincoln

Lincoln during the war �How active was Lincoln? �What happened with executive power during the war? Any aging in 4 years?

Governments during the War � Which side had a government better suited for a war? Why? � What happened with the power of the Federal government during Civil War? � Republicans in Charge � Homestead Act (1862) passed (thanked what group for joining? ) � Morrill Land Grant Act - Colleges � National Bank Acts – more federal involvement � (Is Lincoln actually Henry Clay? ) � Election of 1864 �Union Party – Lincoln (R) / Johnson (D) �Democrat – George Mc. Clellan � Victory at Atlanta may have won the election for Lincoln

African-Americans in War �In North �In South � 1862 Militia Act �Passive resistance by allowed for black units � 54 th Massachusetts �Were they treated equally? �By end of war over 20% of soldiers. slaves �Slave Patrols �Confiscation Acts – “freed” slaves could be used in Union army

Drafts �Conscription Acts �Both sides had drafts �South: 17 -50 by end of war �North: 20 -45 by end of war �Both sides had ways for wealthy to get out �South - Large land holdings or owned 20+ slaves �North - $300 exempt fee or hire someone �Irish Riots in New York City �Why would Irish be opposed to the war and draft?

Life in the Army �Bad on both sides as both prepared for short war overall �North had better advantage with railroad supply lines and more government power �Lack of nutritious foods / medicine �Body lice, scurvy, dysentery, other sicknesses spread like measles, mumps �Other �Trade between troops �Grant’s bath �Hooker’s girls �Baseball (Doubleday given credit, but not true) �Barton’s Sanitation regulations for Union

Economy �South �Effects of the Blockade � Smuggling � Needles, nails, medicine short supply � Export of cotton? �Iron industry in Alabama develops �Total War �Most of fighting in South �Inflation as high as 9000% �Confederate money �North �Overall positive �Most industries grew �Wheat prices up, so farmers bought new equipment (reapers) �Expanded RR and telegraph �Wall Street and wealthy � Income tax added (temp) � 80% inflation (wages did not keep up) �Bond Market grows

Other misc. Civil War ideas �Generals were followed like stars today. �Union Gen. Ambrose Burnsides �Confederate General J. E. B. Stuart �Confederate Gen. Stonewall Jackson �Railroad growth in North �Women working more in jobs �Bad political leadership in south? �Southerners too aggressive? �American “Icons” that lasted �Abraham Lincoln �Robert E. Lee �“Lost Cause” idea

links � http: //www. archives. gov/education/lessons/brady-photos/ - Matthew Brady photos � http: //www. colbertnation. com/the-colbert-reportvideos/419129/september-17 -2012/drew-faust - death impact in Civil War from Colbert Report interview � http: //civilwarinart. org/ - Art in Civil War � http: //www. floridamemory. com/Online. Classroom/Florida. Civ il. War/ - Florida in Civil War � http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=z_oy. J-d. G 38 A – women in Civil War � http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=a 2 lns 2 N 3 h 0 c – Dance with wolves intro � http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=z_oy. J-d. G 38 A – Civil War medicine Intro � http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=LNmc. NJCFFR 8&feature =relmfu – review video

Reflection Questions �How did the Civil War shaped the future of both the north and the south for the following century? �How did the Republicans use their political advantage during the war in non-military matters? �What was the effect of the war on women? �Why did the European powers officially join and how were they involved?