Civil Liberties vs Civil Rights Civil Liberties Definition

Civil Liberties vs. Civil Rights Civil Liberties � Definition: � Bill of Rights � 14 th Amendment: Civil Rights � Definition: � 14 th Amendment:

Three Levels of Review � � � Question Regarding Civil Rights: is not whether the government has the authority to treat different people differently; it is whether such differences in treatment are reasonable. STRICT SCRUTINY (The government must show that the challenged classification serves a compelling state interest and that the classification is necessary to serve that interest. ): A. Suspect Classifications: 1. Race EXAMPLE: Korematsu v US (1944) 2. National Origin 3. Religion

2. MIDDLE-TIER SCRUTINY (The government must show that the challenged classification serves an important state interest and that the classification is at least substantially related to serving that interest): Quasi-Suspect Classifications: 1. Gender Reed v Reed (1971): Craig v Boren (1976): 3. MINIMUM (OR RATIONAL BASIS) SCRUTINY (The government need only show that the challenged classification is rationally related to serving a legitimate state interest. ) * Rational basis scrutiny * Age:

Fighting for Civil Rights � Pushing for the advancement of equality � Definition of Equality � Creation of social movements � Government response to social movements