Civics Unit Test Review CONSTITUTION LEGISLATIVE BRANCH JUDICIAL
Civics Unit Test Review CONSTITUTION LEGISLATIVE BRANCH JUDICIAL BRANCH EXECUTIVE BRANCH
What is the beginning of the Constitution called? The Preamble What are the first 10 amendments of the construction called? The Bill of Rights What article of the Constitution established the Executive Branch? Article II What article of the Constitution established the Judicial Branch? Article III What article of the Constitution established the Legislative Branch? Article I
What is popular sovereignty? consent of the governed What is majority rule? the principle that in a disagreement, everyone will accept the decision of the majority What is the federal system of government? 2 Levels - Federal or National and State levels What are reserved powers? Powers given to the states by the Constitution What are powers shared by the federal and state governments? Concurrent Powers given to the federal government by the Constitution? Delegated Powers
What is the system by which the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) are kept separate? Separation of Powers This scheme ensures that no branch of the federal government becomes too powerful. This equal distribution of powers and limits on power is called checks and balances What are the 3 branches of government? Executive, Legislative, and Judicial What branch makes laws? Legislative What branch enforces laws? Executive What branch interprets laws? Judicial
To reject a proposed laws means? Veto Can Congress override a veto? Yes, with a two-thirds vote The ability of the courts to decide if something Constitutional. Judicial Review What is a written change made to the Constitution? Amendment What is a lawmaking body with two houses? Bi-cameral Legislature What are the two houses or chambers of Congress called? The House of Representatives and the Senate
How many people serve in the House of Representative? 435 How many people serve in the senate? 100 What is the term of office for a Representative and a Senator? Two-yeas for a Rep and six-years for a Senator How are seats determined in the House of Representatives? Every 10 years there is a census and sets are apportioned/disturbed based on population What is Gerrymandering? the practice of drawing district lines that favor a particular political party, politician, or group of people
What happens if a representative does not finish a term? The governor calls a special election What happens if a Senator does not finish a term? The governor appoints someone How old must you be to run for the House and Senate? 25 for House and 30 for Senate What is immunity? Legal protection What is censure? A formal disapproval of a member’s actions What is the Vice Presidents roll in the senate? President of the Senate; casts tiebreaking votes; judge for impeachment (not president)
What is a caucus? Private meetings of political party in congress Who is the leader of the House and Senate? Speaker of the House; President Pro Tempore in the Senate How are these leaders elected? Full membership vote What is a Majority/Minority Whip? Assistant of the majority/minority leader; counts votes What is a committee? a legislative sub-organization in the United States Congress that handles a specific duty What are implied powers? This means Congress has been given the power to do any action relating to its delegated powers that it considers “necessary and proper. ”
What is the “necessary and proper” clause sometimes called? The elastic clause What is impeachment? To accuse an officeholder of misconduct Which part of Congress impeaches, and which hold the trial? House impeaches and the Senate hold the trial Name the 3 presidents that have been impeached? Johnson, Clinton, and Trump Which part of Congress approves treaties and presidential appointment? Senate Which part of congress must an appropriations bill (money) be introduced in? House
Know how a bill becomes a law!!! Does the House place time limits on debate for a bill? Does the Senate? Yes; No What is a quorum? Majority of members What is a filibuster? A method to delay the vote on a bill in the Senate What can the president do to a bill? Sign it, veto, pocket veto How old must you be to run for president? 35 years old What is a term of office for the president? Four-years
How many terms may a president serve? Why? Two terms; 22 nd amendment Has any president served more than two terms? Yes – FDR – elected 4 times What is the 25 th amendment? Presidential succession What is the order of presidential succession? Vice President – Speaker of the House – President Pro Tempore in the Senate – Cabinet officer (starting with Sec of State) Know the different powers of the president ab be able to identify them. What is the State of the Union? Speech by the president updating Congress
What is foreign policy? The governments plan for interacting with other countries What is a treaty? Written agreement with other countries What is a pardon? Forgiving a person of a crime What is the presidential cabinet? Advisors to the president What department is the attorney general in charge of? Justice Department What is an ambassador? Highest ranking representative of the U. S. in a foreign country
What department issues visa and passports? State Department What department deals with the military? Department of Defense What department deals with diplomacy? State Department What department deals with terrorism? Dept of Homeland Security Which depart does the Joint Chiefs of Staff belong to? Department of Defense Which department deals with taxes? Treasury Department
What is criminal law? refers to the group of laws that define what acts are crimes. What is civil law? refer to disputes between people. What are the sources of law? Statutory –pass by lawmaking bodies Common law – judges' decisions Administrative law - created by government agencies Constitutional law – supreme court Person accused of a crime has a right to: Attorney Confront accuser Jury trial
A person accused of a crime is always _______ until proven _______. Innocent; Guilty What is an appeal? process by which the person asks a higher court to review the result of the trial. What are the levels of federal court? District; Appellate; Supreme What is the jurisdiction of a district court? Original – hears cases for the first time (criminal or civil) What is the jurisdiction of an appellate court? Appellate – hears appeals What is the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court? Judicial Review – constitutional questions
Term of office for a judge? Life What is an opinion in a court case? Explains the reasoning that led to the decision. What is a concurring opinion? Agrees with the decision for different reasons What is a dissenting opinion? Explains why they believe the opinion is wrong How many supreme court justice are there? 9 How do you become a supreme court justice? Appointed by the president; confirmed by the Senate
What is Brown v Board of Education? Segregation of school is unconstitutional What is Miranda v Arizona? Police must inform people of their rights Who has the power? ? ? Power to declare war? Legislative Branch Power to Veto? Executive Branch Power to declare law unconstitutional? Judicial Branch
Power to appoint a judge? Executive Branch Power to hold a trial for impeachment? Legislative Branch – Senate Power to overturn a ruling by a court? Judicial Branch Power to override a veto? Legislative Branch – 2/3 vote required Power to pardon? Executive Branch Can refuse to ratify a treaty? Legislative Branch – Senate Power to prepare the nation’s budget? Executive Branch
Reserved, Concurrent, or Delegated? ? Power to tax? Concurrent – Both Power to declare war? Delegated – Federal Gov Power to make treated with foreign countries? Delegated – Federal Power to issues license? Reserved – State Power to print money? Delegated – Federal Power to run schools? Reserved - State
The End Good Luck on your TEST!
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