Civics Government Review Civics The Study of citizenship

Civics & Government Review

Civics • The Study of citizenship.

Separation of Powers • The government is divided into three separate branches.

Limited Government • The government cannot do anything it wants.

Check and Balances • The name of system that explains how the branches of government limit each other.

Federalism • The division of power between National, State, and Local Government.

Popular Sovereignty • People have the power. This power is exercised by voting.

Republicanism • We elect officials to represent us. Example: President Barack Obama and Senator Kay Hagan)

Individual Rights • People are born with these and it is the government’s job to protect them

Geography • The study of the physical features of the Earth and human interaction with the Earth.

Economics • The Study of Production and the Consumption of goods and services

• NC is 1 st! documents ØMecklenburg Resolves • In ignoring the King (may 1775) ØHalifax Resolves • In declaring independence (april 1776)

• Declaration of Independence documents – Declares independence from England – Unalienable Rights • Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness – Grievances – “All men are created equal” • Author: Thomas Jefferson • July 4 th 1776

• Articles of Confederation documents – First US Government (1781 -1789) – Weak National Gov’t – Strong State Gov’t 1 2 US Constitution

• Bill of Rights – 1791 – 1 st 10 amendments of the US Constitution – Gov’t must protect your rights • Lists the specific rights documents

• NC Constitution – 1776 • Basic Government – 1868 • Civil War – 1971 • Rewrite NC constitution documents

• Brown v. Board of Education (1954) – Achieved equal access to Education • Civil Rights Act of 1964 – Prohibited discrimination (work, school, in public) • Voting Rights Act of 1965 – Protect African-American Voting Rights • Fair Housing Act of 1968 – Prohibited discrimination (purchase or rental of a home)

What was the disagreement? • Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists – Who gets more power? • National Gov’t or State Gov’t • Healthcare – Liberal: Gov’t should provide it for everyone – Conservative: Buy your own • Immigration – Liberal: anyone can be a US citizen – Conservative: LEGAL immigration only

• Picketing – People gather together to protest something often carrying a sign – Examples: • Civil Rights Protests 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

• Boycotts – To stop buying something in order to make a statement and to hurt your opponent economically – Examples: • Montgomery Bus Boycott 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

• Sit-Ins – a protest in which people sit or stay in a place and refuse to leave until they are given what they demand – Examples: • Greensboro 4 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

• Marches – action by a mass group of people in favor of a cause in order to call attention to the cause – Examples: • March on Washington 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

• Lobbying – Persuading elected official to make specific laws (usually involves favors and money) – Examples: • NRA 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1