Citing sources Authors With the Same Last Name

Citing sources Authors With the Same Last Name: To prevent confusion, use first the last names. EX. : (E. Johnson, 2001; L. Johnson, 1998) Two or More Works by the Same Author in the Same Year: use lower case letters (a, b, c) with the year to order the entries in the reference list EX. : Research by Bemdt (1981 a) illustrated that. . . etc. Electronic Sources: If there is no author in the web Electronic Sources (such as picture), cite link of sources followed by date (minute, hour, day, month, year of downloaded. https: //translate. google. iq/? hl=en&tab: : =w. T#view: ^/12: 10. 1/ 1/2019

Vancouver style (numerical system) • In this system numbered each source in the reference list and use the same number whenever you cite the source in the text. • EX: microbiology is abranch of biology(1) • EX: Daved(2) found that ……. . • If you have more than two ref. to one text write them in serial numbers: • EX: microbiology is abranch of biology(1 4) • Or not as serial No. • EX. : EX: microbiology is abranch of biology (1, 3, 7)

NUMBERS • In beginning sentence avoid writing number that is not written out. • EX. : ONE HUNDREDAND SEVENTEEN PROTESTS……. • EX. : Six hundred and thirty five nuggets were discovered …. In dates , fractions , decimals and percentages use numbers EX. : 20 Percent (20%) ; 1/2, Monday 20 April, 1988

CHAPTER III Methodology of the Study • Population, Sample Size, and Sampling Technique • Description of Respondents • Research instrument • Data Gathering Procedure • Statistical Treatment of Data

CHAPTER IV Presentation , Interpretation and Analysis of Data PRESENTATION OF DATA • Present the findings of the study in the order of the specific problem as stated in the statement of the Problem. ■ Present the data in these forms: – Tabular – Textual – Graphical (optional)

CHAPTER IV ■ INTERPRETATION OF DATA Establish interconnection between and among data ■ Check for indicators whether hypothesis/es is/are supported or not by findings. ■ Link the present findings with the previous literature. ■ Use parallel observations with contemporary events to give credence presented in the introduction.

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS OF DATA ■ Data may be analyzed quantitatively or qualitatively depending on the level of measurement and the number of dimensions and variables of the study. ■ Analyze in depth to give meaning to the data presented in the table. Avoid table reading. ■ State statistical descriptions in declarative sentences, e. g. in the studies involving:

CHAPTER V Conclusions and Recommendations • CONCLUSIONS ■ These are brief, generalized statements in answer to the general and each of the specific sub problems. ■ These contain generalized in relation to the population. These are general inferences applicable to a wider and similar population. ■ Flexibility is considered in making of conclusions. It is not a must to state conclusions on a one to one correspondence with the problems and the findings as all variables can be subsume in one paragraph. ■ Conclusions may be used as generalizations from a micro to a macrolevel or vice versa

CHAPTER V Conclusions and Recommendations RECOMMENDATIONS ■ They should be based on the findings and conclusion of the study. ■ Recommendations may be specific or general or both. They may include suggestions for further studies. ■ They should be in non technical language. ■ They should be feasible, workable, flexible, doable, adaptable.

CHAPTER VI Bibliography • Citing of sources used in the study

CHAPTER VI Bibliography • Mitchell (2017) states… Or …(Mitchell, 2017). (one Author) • Mitchell and Smith (2017) state… Or …(Mitchell & Smith, 2017). (Two Authors) • Mitchell et al (2017) state… Or …(Mitchell et al, 2017). (Three or more Authors) • Citing Authors With Multiple Works From One Year: • (Mitchell, 2017 a) Or (Mitchell, 2017 b). • Citing Multiple Works in One Parentheses: • If these works are by the same author, the surname is stated once followed by the dates in order chronologically. • Mitchell (2007, 2013, 2017) Or (Mitchell, 2007, 2013, 2017) • If these works are by multiple authors then the references are ordered alphabetically by the first author separated by a semicolon as follows: • (Mitchell & Smith 2017; Thomson, Coyne, & Davis, 2015).

Book referencing

Book referencing Jones, A. F & Wang, L. (2011). Spectacular creatures: The Amazon rainforest (2 nd ed. ). San Jose, Costa Rica: My Publisher • Cite a Chapter in an Edited Book

Book referencing • Troy, B. N. (2015). APA citation rules. In S. T, Williams (Ed. ). A guide to citation rules (2 nd ed. , pp. 50 95). New York, NY: Publishers. • Cite an E-Book • The basic structure is as follows: • Author surname, initial(s) (Ed(s). *). (Year). Title (ed. *). Retrieved from URL *optional. • EX. : Mitchell, J. A. , Thomson, M. , & Coyne, R. P. (2017). A guide to citation. Retrieved from https: //www. mendeley. com/reference management/reference manager

Book referencing • Cite an E-Book Chapter • Last name of the chapter author, initial(s). (Year). Chapter title. In editor initial(s), surname (Ed. ). Title (ed. , pp. chapter page range). Retrieved from URL • Troy, B. N. (2015). APA citation rules. In S. T, Williams (Ed. ). A guide to citation rules (2 nd ed. , pp. 50 95). Retrieved from https: //www. mendeley. com/reference management/reference-manager

Cite a Journal Article in Print or Online

Cite a Journal Article in Print or Online • Journal Article Examples: • Mitchell, J. A. (2017). Citation: Why is it so important. Mendeley Journal, 67(2), 81 95. Retrieved from https: //www. mendeley. com/reference management/reference manager.