Citations Senior Capstone Class Fall 2013 Citations When

Citations Senior Capstone Class Fall 2013

Citations �When writing a research paper, you must cite any and all information that was gathered from other sources. �Remember, cite it! if you didn’t write it, you must

Citations �This • • • includes: Direct quotes Block quotes Specific factual numbers and measurements Statistical information from certain years Facts that are not common knowledge Data from specific studies or surveys

Direct Quotes �These are the direct words of the speaker “Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country. ” (Kennedy) This is an in text citation. In your Works Cited page, you would create a complete citation for this quote by J. F. K.

Block Quotes According to Dr. Phyllis Carter, Mediatrician at Children’s Hospital in Boston, MA, students of today are overexposed to technology and underexposed to nature. In her latest study, Dr. Carter concludes: 21 st century children experience less of the outdoors than children of the last millennium. This is due to two main factors, an increasingly unsafe world and the onslaught of technology. Children are not free to roam their neighborhoods for hours on end in the pleasure of friends unattended by adults. Video games anchor kids indoors for hours on end.

Specific Factual Numbers and Measurements � The diameter of Earth from North Pole to South Pole is 7, 899. 83 miles (12, 713. 54 kilometers), but through the equator it is 7, 926. 41 miles (12, 756. 32 kilometers). (Montieth) A full citation for Montieth is needed in the Works Cited list, including a page number where this information came from.

Statistical Information from Particular Years �In 2011, the average salary of a worker with a high school diploma was less than $575 per week. The average salary of a worker with a four year college degree was $898 per week. (Mc. Donough) *Full citation needed in the Works Cited list.

Facts that are not common knowldege The sun has 99. 8 percent of the mass in the solar system. The sun's mass is about 2. 2 × 1027 tons (2 × 1027 metric tons) (Montieth) Full citation needed in the Works Cited list.

Survey data In a recent survey of incarcerated youths in the state of Nevada, nearly 85 percent of the juveniles who face trial in the juvenile court system are functionally illiterate. (Hayward) Full citation needed in the Works Cited list.

Methods for Citing �There are two main methods for citing information: �In text citations �Works cited list

In text citations �Are inserted right into the text of a paper and consist of either: the source’s last name placed in parenthesis. OR a page number placed after the source

In text Citation Example �Temperatures have risen on average of. 02 degrees per year since 1960. That’s one degree per five years or two degrees per decade. This sounds minute but over the course of a century, considerable gains are made in global warming. (Clinton)

In text citation examples Jim Clinton’s approximation of a 2 degree temperature increase every decade is proving true as global warming gives us warmer winter temperatures each year. (100) Page 100 refers to the page number of a source you will cite in the Works Cited list.

Works Cited �A formal Works Cited list is required at the end of your research paper. � Number it as you would any other page. � This is the place to list all your sources of information used in your paper. � ALL sources must be credited.

Creating a Works Cited Page �Refer to www. easybib. com to create the works cited list. We will create a sample in class together.

REMEMBER: �It is up to you to input accurate information. No citation tool will work correctly without your accuracy. �Every �A source must be PROPERLY cited. properly cited paper leads to a strong research document!