CITATION BIBLIOGRAPHY Moazzam Ali CITATION DEFINED A citation
CITATION / BIBLIOGRAPHY Moazzam Ali
CITATION DEFINED § A citation is a reference to a published or unpublished source (not always the original source) § A bibliographic citation is a reference to a book, article, web page, or other published item § Citations should supply sufficient detail to identify the item uniquely § Different citation systems and styles are used in scientific citation, legal citation, prior art, and the arts and the humanities
BIBLIOGRAPHY DEFINED § Bibliography (from Greek bibliographia, literally "book writing"), is the academic study of books § A bibliography is a systematic list of books and other works such as journal articles § Bibliographies range from "works cited" lists at the end of books and articles to complete, independent publications § As separate works, they may be in bound volumes such as those shown on the right, or computerized bibliographic databases § A library catalog is bibliographic in nature
BIBLIOGRAPHY DEFINED § Bibliographic works differ in the amount of detail depending on the purpose, and can be generally divided into two categories: § ENUMERATIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY - which results in an overview of publications in a particular category § ANALYTICAL OR CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY - which studies the production of books
BIBLIOGRAPHY DEFINED § In earlier times, bibliography mostly focused on books. Now, both categories of bibliography cover works in other formats including recordings, motion pictures and videos, graphic objects, databases, CD-ROMs and websites
HOW TO WRITE CITATION? § Citation for an article from an electronic source should include these important elements: Author (if given) Article title Date of publication Database Name Date of access § Citation for a book should include these important elements: Author (s) or Editor (s) Title of the book Place of publication: Publisher Date of publication
HOW TO WRITE CITATION? § Citation for an electronic book should include these important elements: Author or Editor Title of the book Place of publication Publisher Date of publication Address of the site Date you accessed it § Citation for a short story should include these important elements: Author Title of the short story Title of the anthology Editor of the anthology Publisher and city Page on which the story begins
HOW TO WRITE CITATION? § Citation for an article from an encyclopedia should include these important elements: Author (if given) Title of article Title of the encyclopedia Volume number Page number Date of publication § Citation for an article from an online encyclopedia should include these important elements: Author (if given) Title of article Title of the encyclopedia Date published on the web Publisher Date you accessed the material URL
HOW TO WRITE BIBLIOGRAPHY? § One author § Last name, First name. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher, copyright date. § Editor instead of author § Last name, First name. , ed. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher, copyright date. § Two or more authors § Last name, First name, and First name Last Name. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher, copyright date. § Dictionaries § "Word looked up. " Title of dictionary. copyright date.
HOW TO WRITE BIBLIOGRAPHY? Encyclopedias § Signed Encyclopedia Entry § Last name, First name. "Title of Encyclopedia entry. " Title of Encyclopedia. date edited. , volume number. , page. § Unsigned Encyclopedia Entry § "Title of Encyclopedia entry. " Title of Encyclopedia. date edited. , volume number. , page.
HOW TO WRITE BIBLIOGRAPHY? Interviews § Telephone Interview § Last name of person interviewed, First name. Telephone Interview. Date of interview. § Personal Interview § Last name of person interviewed, First name. Personal Interview. Date of interview. § Internet Interview § Last name of person interviewed, First name. Internet interview. Date of interview.
HOW TO WRITE BIBLIOGRAPHY? Newspapers § Unsigned Article § "Title of Article. " Title of Newspaper Date of newspaper: page number. § Signed Article § Last name, First name. "Title of Article. " Title of Newspaper. Date of newspaper: page number.
HOW TO WRITE BIBLIOGRAPHY? Internet § Database (like Inspire) § "Title of Article. " Magazine Title volume issue (day month year): Database Used. § Signed Websites § Last name, First name. "Website Title. " Available at: complete internet address. date accessed. § Unsigned Websites § "Website Title. " Available at: complete internet address. date accessed.
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