Circulatory Unit PPT Chapter Abbreviations Using packet B

Circulatory Unit PPT

Chapter Abbreviations • Using packet B. • Please put back when you are finished

Word parts practice:

Word part definitions: • TRY first without the packet • Use packet A • Put back when finished

Lab station work: • Working with your lab group try to come up with as many words by just using your WORD PARTS chart. • Write them out with shiny desk materials

Lab station work examples • Arteriomalacia • Atherosclerosis • Coagulation • Hemoglobin • Normal • Circulation • pulmonary

Chapter reading: • Please read pages 185 -88

Circulatory Vocab • Using your Word part charts fill in your vocabulary chart

W. A. : Instructions • From website: • Click circulatory • Click on website assignment worksheet. (recommended to print this one) • http: //app. discoveryeducation. com/player/view/asset. Guid/E 2964 DE 9 -60674 C 4 B-9 B 37 -EA 2 A 4 C 499994

Circulatory coloring • You will be in your lab stations • Change colors when you meet an “X” • Answer the questions when you are finished

What do you know? • What are 3 Types of blood vessels? • What color are they? • Why are they different colors? • What is blood made up of?

Components of blood • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=R-s. KZWqs. Upw

Components of Blood: take notes on your WA worksheet • Solid components: • Erythrocytes • • Contain hemoglobin Live about 120 days Made by red marrow in bones Liver and spleen remove dead RBC’s • Leukocytes • Thrombocytes

Components of Blood: take notes on your WA worksheet • Solid components: • Erythrocytes • Leukocytes • Function: to fight disease and infection • Fewer WBC than RBC • Larger than RBC • Live about 9 days • Move out of the blood vessels into lymph tissue to help with immunity • Pus = WBC and bacteria • Thrombocytes

WBC break down • Make a chart on your W. A. worksheet. WBC function Basophil Eosinophils Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes • Using pages 187 -88 fill in the function of each WBC

Components of Blood: take notes on your WA worksheet • Solid components: • Erythrocytes • Leukocytes • Thrombocytes • • Help with clotting Produced in red bone marrow Live about 10 days Clotting process: platelets stick to damaged tissue and to each other. Group together to control blood loss from blood vessel.

Components of Blood: take notes on your WA worksheet • Liquid component: • Plasma • Whole blood = 55% plasma • Made up of: • • • Water Protein Salts Nutrients Vitamins hormones

Components of blood review: Desk Review Components of blood B E N L M

Blood Types • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ttjn 1 j. VACk 8

Blood Typing

Key Terms • Antigens: foreign object, pathogen • Antibodies: proteins secreted by lymphocytes • Antibodies bond with antigens = lock and key phenomenon Antigen = lock antibody = key

Blood Type Inherited • Each person inherits 2 genes. • Dominant genes • Are A and B • Shown as “I” • EX: • Recessive genes • O • Shown as “i” • Ex:

Punnett Square

4 Blood Types • Blood type is determined by antigens on the surface of RBC • A • Only A antigens • B • Only B antigens • AB • Both A and B antigens • O • Neither A or B antigens

• Your immune system has a tolerance against it own antigens. (you like your own antigens) EX: Antigen A type A blood. It will NOT form anti-A antibodies.

Blood Type Antigens on RBC’s Antibodies in Plasma A A Anti - B B

Complete the table showing which blood can be safely transfused from the donor to recipient. Recipient D O N O R Blood Type A B AB O A + B AB O

Transfusions • Need to mix serum of the patient with the blood cells of the donor. • If Type A gets matched with Type B then antibodies will clump together • If this test is not done hemolysis (rupture of blood cells) can occur

Blood • Type O Blood • Universal donor • Because it lacks A and B antigens • Type AB Blood • Universal recipients because they lack anti-A and anti-B antibodies. • (they won’t attack new blood coming in)

Rh Factor Antigen • Found in RBC • Rh- : people who do not have antigens on RBC • Rh+ : people who do have the antigen on RBC • About 85% of Americans are Rh+ • If RH + blood is given to Rh- then the body thinks it is an invading pathogen and starts to form antibodies for the lock and key

Rh Factor Health Concerns • When an Rh- mother delivers an Rh+ baby, some of the baby’s blood may contact the blood of the mother • The mother’s blood then forms antibodies against Rh+ RBC • If the mother has another Rh+ pregnancy the antibodies will attack the baby’s blood causing erythroblastosis fetalis.

Bell ringer Review Answer the following questions with your lab group A. The heart is __________ (Directional Term) to the lungs. B. The heart is divided into ____ and ______ sides C. The word pulmonary is another term for ________ D. Name the 3 different blood vessels in the circulatory system E. Name 3 components of blood

Health Matters of the Circulatory System

Anemia – most common blood disorder • Etiology: • Inadequate amount of hemoglobin, RBC or both • S/S: shortness of breath, pallor (pale), rapid heart rate. • TX: dietary supplements, blood replacement.

Hemophilia • Etiology: rare sex linked genetic blood disease in which the blood is missing a clotting factor. • S/S: prolonged or uncontrolled bleeding • TX: giving plasma that contains the missing clotting factor, no cure

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) • Etiology: dysfunction of the immune system caused by a virus. Virus will cause DNA to become infected damaging WBC. • HIV is transmitted through exchange of body fluids. • S/S: may not show for 6 -10 years: fatigue, weakness, painful joints, diarrhea. • TX: no cure, experimental medicines.

Leukemia (blood cancer) • Etiology: abnormal malignant increase in the number and longevity of WBC are immature and less effective in fighting disease • S/S: bleeding gums, anemia • TX: radiation, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation

Elephantiasis • massive accumulation of lymphatic fluid in body tissues, causing abnormally large growth of tissue. • Etiology: caused by obstruction of the lymph vessels by tiny worms (filariae) that are common in tropic and subtropic areas. • S/S: fever, chills and ulcer formation • TX: no cure, oral medications and mosquito control measures.

Sickle cell anemia • Etiology: genetic condition that results in malformed RBC • The “sickled” cells are more fragile and cause pain as vessels are blocked and less oxygen is delivered. • S/S: sometimes no symptoms, may cause death • TX: no cure

Allergy • Etiology: hypersensitive response by the immune system to an outside substance which becomes an allergen. • Allergens cause antibodies to be produced. EX: pollen, dog/cat fur, feathers. • S/S: inflammation of the respiratory, GI and integumentary systems, may become life threatening. • TX: drugs

Autoimmune Diseases • Etiology: conditions in which the immune system of the body turns against itself. • EX: • Systemic lupus erythematosus: affects connective tissue, kidneys, lungs and heart • Hashimoto’s disease: destruction of the thyroid • Myasthenia gravis: affects the nerves and causes paralysis TX: immunosuppressive drugs and steroids to relieve inflammation.

Erythroblastisis fetalis • Etiology: Antibodies from an Rh negative mother may enter the blood stream of her unborn Rh positive infant, damaging the red blood cells (RBCs). The infant responds by increasing RBC production and sending out immature RBCs that still have nuclei. • S/S: baby may have brain damage • TX: intrauterine blood transfusion

Hodgkin’s disease • Etiology: cancer of the lymph system that usually appears in people between the ages of 15 -30. • S/S: painless enlargements of the lymph nodes, itching, weight loss, fever, difficulty swallowing. • TX: chemotherapy or radiation of the lymph nodes.

Splenomegaly • Etiology: enlargement of the spleen caused by an acute infection such as scarlet fever • S/S: symptoms are similar to leukemia and anemia. • TX: may require removal of spleen

Thrombosis • Etiology: condition in which a blood clot (thrombosis) forms in the vessels. Clot slows the flow of blood to tissues • Embolus: when the clot breaks away, it could lodge in a blood vessels and cause tissue death • S/S: pain in the area of the clot because of lack of oxygen • TX: elevation, anticoagulants, may have surgery to remove clot.

Lymphatic System • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=X 4 Wn 0 j 3 e. Jr. A

Lymphatic system • Using your book starting on pg 234 fill in the Lymphatic system section of guided notes

Practice Quizzes

Directions: Fill in the chart. Blood Type Receive blood from: A (example A, O) Donate blood to:

List 2 Components of blood, and what makes up each component 1. 2.

Directions: Match up the WBC with its function(s). a. neutrophils b. Basophils c. eosinophils d. lymphocytes e. monocytes 1. destroy large unwanted particles in the bloodstream 2. control inflammation and allergic reactions 3. protect the body against formation of cancer cells 4. remove small unwanted particles from the blood 5. release heparin to stop clotting 6. produce histamine to cause blood vessel dilation 7. kill parasites 8. essential to immune system

Directions: Match up the WBC with its function(s). a. Neutrophils (4, ) b. Basophils (5, 6, 7) c. Eosinophils (7, 2) d. Lymphocytes (3, 8) e. Monocytes (1) 1. destroy large unwanted particles in the bloodstream 2. control inflammation and allergic reactions 3. protect the body against formation of cancer cells 4. remove small unwanted particles from the blood 5. release heparin to stop clotting 6. produce histamine to cause blood vessel dilation 7. kill parasites 8. essential to immune system