Circulatory System Blood Flow Summary Blood Vessels The
Circulatory System Blood Flow Summary Blood Vessels The Blood The Heart
You Gotta Have Heart The Circulatory System
Circulatory System Consists of… n __________ n _____
Overview n The Heart pumps blood through the body through blood vessels __________ take blood away from the heart, veins return blood to the heart n Blood carries O 2 (food) towards and CO 2 (waste) away from tissues n The lungs are not part of the circulatory system!! n
Circulatory System BLOOD VESSELS
Two Pathways n _____ Circulation – Carries blood to lungs and back n _____ Circulation – Carries blood to body and back
Your Blood Vessels: Pathway of Circulation n 3 types of vessels – _____(mostly shown as Red because blood has O 2) – ____(Red and Blue because some O 2 lost to tissues) – _____(mostly shown as Blue because O 2 lost to tissues)
Red Blood and Blue Blood n Blood is never blue!!!!!!!!! n Oxygenated blood is bright red and deoxygenated blood is dark red n Veins appear blue because of the way light reflects off the blood vessel n We don’t see arteries because they are too deep. n We draw them blue to distinguish them on diagrams and simplify things
Arteries vs. Veins What you need to know about the STRUCTURAL differences between Arteries and Veins: - Artery walls are much _____ - Veins are _____
Arteries vs. Veins n Why are arteries and veins the way they are? – Blood is under very high pressure when it leaves the heart and enters the arteries § Therefore, _____ – Once it has left the tissues and enters the veins, the blood is under a very low pressure § Therefore, _____
Arteries: Carry blood Away from heart – – Large Thick-walled, Muscular _____ Oxygenated blood § Exception Pulmonary Artery – _____ – Steady pulsating (used to measure pulse) Arterioles: smaller vessels, enter tissue
Capillaries – – – Smallest vessel Microscopic _____ – Located at the tissue – Nutrients and gases (O 2, CO 2) diffuse here
_____ – Carries blood that contains waste and CO 2 § – – Exception pulmonary vein _____ Valves to prevent back flow due to gravity Venules: small veins, larger than capillaries Mechanism of Vein and Varicose Veins Videos
Blood Vessels Animation of blood flow
The Aorta – The largest blood vessel Blood Vessel Animation
Blood Vessels Blood flow is like a round trip to grandma’s house - You leave your home (The Heart) - You jump on the Highway (Arteries) - You get off at grandma’s street (Arterioles) - You pull in to grandma’s driveway (capillaries) - You go inside her house (The Cell) and give her a kiss (Glucose and Oxygen) - You leave with leftovers (CO 2) - Get back into your car and exit driveway (capillaries) - You drive back along her street (Venuoles) - You get back on the highway (Veins) - Arrive back at home (The Heart)
End of Day 1
Circulatory System BLOOD
The Blood Body contains 4 -6 L n Consists of n – – _____ Red Blood Cells _____ White blood cells and platelets
Your Blood: Fluid Transport Liquid Portion Carries § Blood cells _____ – Erythrocytes (RBC - red blood cells) – Leucocytes (WBC - white blood cells) § Platelets (fragments of the cells in bone marrow – no nucleus) § Proteins § Nutrients - _____ § Gases - _____
Oxygen in the Blood n n n _____, iron containing molecule – _____ Loosely picks up oxygen in the lungs Releases oxygen in areas low in oxygen – ________ O 2 O 2
Carbon Dioxide in the Blood n _____ n CO 2 is also carries CO 2 a waste product of cellular respiration n _____
What does blood contain? n 50% Water n 45% Erythrocytes (RBC) n 4% Plasma with Substances n 1% Leukocytes (WBC) + Platelets
Erythrocytes (RBC) n n n Transporters of – __________ RBC – Lack a nucleus – Contain hemoglobin – Disk-shaped RBC are produced in the bone marrow Lives for ~120 days Old RBC are destroyed in _____
Leukocytes (WBC) n WBC fight infection – n n n Less abundant _____ Some live for months – n n ______ Most just a few days Several types ALL contain nuclei
Platelets n PLATELETS are for CLOTTING blood n Cell fragments n Produced in bone marrow n Short life span (1 week) n _____
Blood Clotting Break in Capillary Wall Clumping of Platelets Clot Forms Blood vessels injured. Platelets clump at the site and release a protein Protein creates a net creating a clot. The clot prevents further loss of blood.
How does Blood Clot?
End of Day 2
Circulatory System HEART Heart Anatomy
Your Heart n Pumps blood around your body to keep you alive! n If your heart stops you will die!
Heart: Structure and Function n Keeps blood moving n Large organ composed of – __________
The Structures of the Heart Vena Cava Vein that brings oxygen-poor blood from the body to the heart Pulmonary Arteries Sends Oxygen. Poor blood to the Lungs Receives _____ Aorta – Artery that _____ Gets Oxygen. Rich blood from the Lungs Pulmonary Arteries Bring oxygen-poor blood to the lungs Pulmonary Veins Bring oxygenrich blood from the lungs to the left atrium _____ Sends Oxygen-Poor blood to the lungs
Structure of Heart (cont) n Four chambers – Two upper (Atria) § Walls thinner § ____ – Two lower (Ventricles) § Walls thicker § More muscular § ____ Heart Structure Animation
Blood Flow Through the Heart
Bloods Path Through the Heart n Both Atria fill at same time – Right atrium receives oxygen _____ blood from body from _____ – Left atrium receives oxygen _____ blood from lungs through _____ n After filled with blood atria contract, pushing blood into ventricle
Both ventricles contract Right ventricle contracts and pushes oxygen-poor blood toward lungs § through the _____
Bloods Path Through the Heart Left ventricle contracts and forces oxygen rich blood out of heart § _____
The cardiac cycle Animation of blood flow
Control of the Heart n The Heart is controlled by nerves and hormones: Nerves: – Its own nerves _____ § Heart will beat even if it is disconnected from the brain § Can be substituted by an artificial pacemaker - The Brain _____
n Heart n ECG Rate Animation and (Defibrillation) Paddles discussion
Control of the Heart Hormones: n Certain hormones such as epinephrine (adrenalin) _____ Heart Beat
Control of Heart Rate – Class Demonstration Resting Heart Rate (beats per min. ) Heart Rate during exercise (beats per min. )
Your Heart: The Vital Pump n At REST, the heart beats about _____ n During EXTREME EXERTION (exercise) it can beat _____
Heart Rate Discussion n Why? ? n _________ n Both work together to increase blood flow around the body – Increased blood flow = Increase O 2/glucose delivery to cells and CO 2 removal
DISORDERS n ______ – Your heart needs Oxygen too! – Is supplied with Oxygen by coronary arteries – Coronary arteries can become partially blocked by plaque (fat and cholesterol mainly) § Causes by lifestyle choice and genetics – This block limits the amount of oxygen delivered to the heart – Can cause tiredness, dizziness and pain
Coronary Artery Disease Can be diagnosed with an _____ _whereby a fluorescent dye is injected into the bloodstream. n This dye shows up on an x-ray and shows where flow is disrupted n
Disorders (cont) n Heart Attack – _______ § No Oxygen can reach the heart muscle § Heart muscle begins to die and eventually stops beating § Symptoms – Nausea, Shortness of breath, Severe chest pain, sweating, dizziness, fatigue IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION NECESSARY Heart Attack 1 Heart Attack 2
n Stroke – ______ Disorders (cont) – Blood cannot reach the brain due to a blockage in its blood vessels or severe brain bleed. – Brain cells die due to lack of oxygen – Can lead to paralysis, § loss of ability to speak § death Causes a Stroke?
Current PREVENTION Recommendations n Regular exercise n _______ n Well balanced diet n Do not smoke n Diet low in saturated fat
Bill Nye – Blood and Circulation Video Download the Blood and Circulation Worksheet
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