Circular Economy in Tourism contributing to sustainable and

Circular Economy in Tourism, contributing to sustainable and resilient societies in the 2030 Agenda? Ms. Zoritsa Urosevic Representative to the UN at Geneva

World Tourism Organization, a specialized United N A • • 156 Member States 6 Territories 2 Permanent Observers +500 Affiliate Members

UNWTO Mandate The promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism. “The fundamental aim of the Organization shall be the promotion and development of tourism with a view to contributing to economic development, international understanding, peace and prosperity” UNWTO Statutes

Some definitions… Sustainable tourism… “Tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing “Tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and the needs of visitors, the private sector, the environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the private sector, the environment and host communities”. and host communities ”. Tourism is a multi-facetted social, cultural and economic phenomenon. Tourism - as services trade - is a multi-facetted social, Tourism deals with the movement of people to countries or places outside cultural and economic phenomenon. their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes. Tourism deals with the movement of people to countries or Since 2008 it is possible to measure tourism in a standard way, since 2011 UNWTO compiles internationally comparable data on some of its key facets places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes. Since 2008 it is possible to measure tourism in a standard way, since 2011 UNWTO compiles internationally comparable data on some of its key facets. (TSA) Source: Sustainable Tourism for Development. DEVCO. (2013)

UNWTO PROGRAMATIC PRIORITIES 2018 -21 1. Make tourism smarter: innovation and the digital transformation 2. Grow our competitive edge: investments and entrepreneurship PROGRAMAT IC PRIORITIES 3. Create decent jobs for all: Education and Employment 4. Build resilience and facilitate travel: safe, secure and seamless travel 5. Protect our heritage: social, cultural and environmental sustainability

Tourism is economic growth and development

Tourism, third export earnings category in 2017 Two thirds of the activities of the United Nations system take place in Geneva, making it a key centre of international co-operation and multilateral negotiation. This is one of the reasons that the city is often referred to as "International Geneva". Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), 2017 Around 9, 500 staff work for the UN family in Geneva, which is the largest concentration of UN personnel in the world.

International tourist arrivals to reach 1. 8 billion by 2030 1. 8 bn 1. 322 bn in 2017 1. 4 bn

Inbound Tourism in the World 2017 1323 million international tourist arrivals 84 million more than in 2016 1323 mn 1400 1200 (million) 1000 764 800 600 400 525 559 625 586 602 809 855 952 911 928 892 994 1041 1088 1136 1195 1239 674 675 696 692 393 million arrivals more than in pre-crisis year 2008 200 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 20162017*

Inbound Tourism in the World in 2017 8 th consecutive year of sustained growth

Sustainable Tourism in the Global agenda The World Summit on SDGs Sustainable Development Brundtland Commission • 10 Year Review of UNCED • solutions for SDG 12: tourism and construction • Tourism and SDGs Platform (Strategies and Implementation) • World Commission on Environment and Development • Adoption of JPOI and Johannesburg Declaration on • Independent body to formulate Sustainable Development long-term agenda for action • Chapters on poverty eradication, • 1987 Outcome: Common SCP and SIDS Future 1972 2012 1992 2002 1983 2017 2015 Stockholm Conference The Earth Summit (Rio) Rio + 20 • First global environmental Meeting by UN • The declaration included 26 basic principles and policy goals • Establishment of UNEP • UN Conference on Environment and Development • Rio Declaration included 27 principles • Agenda 21 - achieving sustainability in the 21 st century • ‘The future we want’ – emphasis on the role of sustainable tourism as driver for change as well as the importance of measuring impacts for better well-informed decision making • 10 Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption HLPF Circular Economy 2018 … 2030 2018 UN International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development • Tourism and the SDGs – Journey to 2030 Report

Tourism in the Global Development Agenda (2012) “ 130. We emphasize that well-designed and managed tourism can make a significant contribution to the three dimensions of sustainable development, has close linkages to other sectors, and can create decent jobs and generate trade opportunities (…) 131. We encourage the promotion of investment in sustainable tourism…. which may include creating small and medium sized enterprises and facilitating access to finance, including through microcredit initiatives for the poor, indigenous peoples and local (2015) The UNGA approves the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development and i communities (…)”

Tourism in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Target 8. 9 – by 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products. Target 12. b – develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable development impacts for sustainable tourism that creates jobs, promotes local culture and products. Target 14. 7 – by 2030 increase the economic benefits to SIDS and LDCs from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture

Promoting sustainable tourism development

10 YFP Sustainable Tourism Programme

ONE PLANET – Travel with Care Committed to accelerate the shift towards Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns

DEFINITION: Sustainable Tourism that takes full account of current and future: • economic, social and environmental impacts • addressing the needs of visitors • the industries • the environment and communities Source: Sustainable Tourism for Development. DEVCO (2013)

The Tourism Value Chain Supplies – Indirect economic impacts Support Institutions: Ministry of Tourism, Trade, Commerce, Transport, Culture, Interior, Environment etc… Trade Promotion Organization, Chamber of Commerce; Banks, Licensing, Standards, etc Construction Material Energy Water Waste Education Infrastructure Support Communication s Public security and health Infrastructure Support Construction & Real Estate Goods and Services related to promotion Promotional activities, ICT, banking, insurance Communication, press & media Direct economic impacts Travel organisation and booking In origin and in transit on the way to and from the final destination(s) Internet Travel Agent Call centres Airline Compan ies Tour Operators & Wholesaler Goods and services suppliers: textile, wood, food, environmental services, ICT… Port Authority Furniture and equipment suppliers, including environmental and res. Efficiency and ICT equipment Site signals Food factories, producers-rural areas Restoration Equipment and services for wellness Technology shops/imports Management Goods and services for guides Industrial factories Maintenance Brochures production Oil Station Ministry of Transport Consumables Immigration Agency Maintenance, Env. Services Cars, bikes, buses, boats Marketing & Sales ICT Transportation Accommodati on Manufactures, cottage industries suppliers Storage & Distribution Food and drinks suppliers Handicrafts suppliers, Books, CD’s and DVD Food & Beverage Creative Industries Cars, boats, bikes rental Hotels Bars &Restaurants Handicrafts and Arts shops Bus CO, trains, tramways Apartments Night clubs Creative industries, music, dance Taxi Companies Guesthouse Fast food Seas and River Ferry Youth hostels Itinerant food shops Informal transportation Artists, performers etc Kiosks Food souvenirs From origin to destination Value Chain Phases Trade Companies Customs Office Tourism assets in destination Cultural assets: archaeology communities, ethnics, museums, tourism attractions, intangible cultural assets (music, dance, legends, Natural assets: etc. ), festivals, lakes, rivers, etc reefs and mountains, forests, species of flora & fauna, etc. Involves Ministries and National institutions for management of all assets Wholesalers and single suppliers Leisure, excursions and tours Support services Shows Information centres Tourist guides organizations Grocery shops/retail outlet Independent tourist guides Laundry Tourism Packages Security and bank services Transports guides and escorts Internet cafes Wellness and SPAS In the destination Policies, Planning Tourism industries Goods and services supplies Supplies, utilities (PPP) Tourism industries

Advancing Circular Economy thinking in Tourism

Business Models Driving CE Source: Accenture, 2014

Hotel Energy Solutions and Nearly Zero Energy Hotels NEZEH research (2013 -16) 1, 8 million EUR from EU - EASME UNWTO is a partner – 28 EU NEZEH KEY OBJECTIVES: § anticipate policies for tourism related to n. ZEB directives § provide TA tailored for pilot hotels to become Nearly Zero Energy § create a software - an

Solutions from International Year 2017 Ras Al Khaimah Waste Management Agency SUBSTITUTE IMPORTED MATERIAL BY RECYCLED WASTE • In partnership with RAK Tourism Development Authority (RAK TDA) to get all hotels of the Emirate (30 hotels) to source-separate their generated waste into 4 streams: food waste, mixed recyclables, glass and hazardous waste. • Diverted the material from the landfill and avoiding environment contamination, but also has supplied more material to the local industry in order to avoid usage and import of virgin material.

Solutions from International Year 2017 Zero Waste Hotel The HOTEL RIFIUTI ZERO® • Dramatically reduces the environmental impact of tourist facilities by offering its consultancy, currently in Italy and Slovenia. • Make the hospitality industry the emblem of sustainability, respect and conservation. • The initiative pursues the goal of a more sustainable and more profitable business model, with the idea of a circular economy that: • Excludes the existence of waste, • Strengthens the local people skills necessary to manage infrastructure and • Spreads awareness of good health and hygiene practices, • Uses good practices of “ 4 R” (reduce-recycle-redesign-reuse), • Informs customer to correctly understand the values and the

Tourism to realize the 2030 Agenda? Public policy • 64 Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs) • 8 Mainstreaming, Acceleration and Policy Support (MAPS) country roadmaps Private sector • Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of 60 global tourism companies • Accommodation, Transport, Tour operators and intermediaries Financi ng tourism • Development Cooperation (ODA, Aid for Trade) • Partnerships • Innovative Financing Mechanisms Build knowledg e Empower stakeholde rs Inspire to act

Public policy: Voluntary National Reviews Europe (VNRs) 21 41 out of 64 VNRs mention tourism Regions Asia Pacific VNRs Africa 12 Asia Pacific 17 Europe Latin America and Caribbean 21 Total 14 64 17 12 14 Latin America and the Caribbean Africa 13 Only VNRs mention tourism ministry

VNRs Opportunities, challenges and threats Tourism opportunities, challenges and threats in relation to the SDGs No Poverty – SDG 1 Zero Hunger – SDG 2 Good Health and Well-being – SDG 3 Quality Education – SDG 4 Gender Equality – SDG 5 Clean Water and Sanitation – SDG 6 Affordable and Clean Energy – SDG 7 Decent Work and Economic Growth – SDG 8 Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure – SDG 9 Reduced Inequalities – SDG 10 Sustainable Cities and Communities – SDG 11 Responsible Consumption and Production – SDG 12 Climate Action – SDG 13 Life below Water – SDG 14 Life on Land – SDG 15 Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions – SDG 16 Partnerships for the Goals – SDG 17 0 5 10 15 20 Number of countries Opportunities Challenges Threats 25 30 35

Tourism and the SDGs in the VNRs 41 countries recognize the value of tourism to achieve all 17 SDGs Decent Work and Economic Growth Responsible Consumption and Production Partnerships for the Goals Life below Water Sustainable Cities and Communities 41 VNRs

Tourism companies: Global Goals – Local Focus CSR activities per SDG, in total and by tourism industry No Poverty - SDG 1 Zero Hunger - SDG 2 Good Health and Well-being - SDG 3 Quality Education - SDG 4 Gender Equality - SDG 5 Clean Water and Sanitation - SDG 6 Affordable and Clean Energy - SDG 7 Decent Work and Economic Growth - SDG 8 Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure - SDG 9 Reduced Inequalities - SDG 10 Sustainable Cities and Communities - SDG 11 Responsible Consumption and Production - SDG 12 Climate Action - SDG 13 Life below Water - SDG 14 Life on Land - SDG 15 Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions - SDG 16 Partnerships for the Goals - SDG 17 0 Total 100 Tour operators 200 300 400 500 Number of CSR activities Transportation Accommodation 600 700 800

Private sector: Corporate Social Responsibility Competitiveness remains the main driver of sustainability in tourism companies CSR activities by area of engagement [PE RC 9%EN TA GE ] 13% CSR activities are mostly related to an environmental or social impact CSR activities by type of impact 17% 38% 41% 29% 33% Business operations Stakeholder involvement Customer service 15% Host community support Supplier relations Environmental Social Economic Multifaceted

Private sector CSR in relation to the SDGs Tourism industries play a vital role in achieving all 17 SDGs Responsible Consumption and Production Climate Action No Poverty Quality Education Decent Work and Economic Growth 60 global tourism companies

Financing sustainable tourism • Development cooperation in tourism remains low but the growing recognition of tourism’s contribution to the SDGs offers new opportunities for increased ODA disbursements to the sector. SDG priorities of 19 ODA donor countries No Poverty - SDG 1 Zero Hunger - SDG 2 Good Health and Well-being - SDG 3 Quality Education - SDG 4 Gender Equality - SDG 5 Clean Water and Sanitation - SDG 6 • 19 of 64 VNRs were from ODA donor countries and indicated thematic priorities in development cooperation: Decent Work and Economic Growth - SDG 8 Reduced Inequalities - SDG 10 Responsible Consumption and Production SDG 12 Climate Action - SDG 13 Life below Water - SDG 14 Tourism decision-makers should align tourism initiatives with donor countries’ priorities Life on Land - SDG 15 Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions - SDG 16 0 5 Number of countries SDGs 16, 5, 8, 13, 1 10 15

Tourism and SDGs, key findings Public policy Private sector Financin g tourism • Become more active in national SDG processes • Build more coherent dialogue among all stakeholders as tourism is a cross-cutting sector • • Encourage and support the tourism private Competitiveness is the key driver of sector sustainability • Create awareness of the economic benefits of sustainability, and measure impacts • SMEs can and should engage to realize the • Increase aid to maximize tourism’s contribution SDGs to the SDGs • Aid should relate to countries’ strategy and sector needs • Financing of tourism should go beyond development cooperation, including innovative

The way forward… Public policy Private sector Financin g tourism • Be involved in national SDG strategies/Voluntary National Reviews • Shape more inclusive and integrated tourism policies • Assess and monitor tourism’s contribution and to the SDGs (including 12) • Build capacity and create incentives for private sector Research & Development, including for SMEs • Share experiences, good practices and engage in the ONE Planet Travel with Care / STP 10 YFP • Increase value chains uptake through local purchasing of goods and services, including circular economy • Continue investing in people, the planet, ICT and other technologies • Measure and monitor the impact • Invest in tourism as a priority sector for achieving the SDGs • Align development cooperation with the countries priorities, including tourism • Embrace innovative financing mechanisms and partnerships • Design and implement incentives, smart subsidies for tourism enterprises

Preserving the Planet need to make fundamental changes • Accelerating the shift to SCP as set in SDG 12 is everyone’s responsibility - 72% of the Voluntary National Reviews submitted in 2016 and 2017 identify SCP as a priority - and also an opportunity to advance other connected SDGs, given its cross-cutting nature. • In line with SDG Target 12. 1. large economic sectors such as tourism and construction are leading implementation of the 10 -Year Framework of SCP (10 YFP, or One Planet network as rebranded in February 2018). • In view of its impact and outreach, tourism can make an essential contribution to the decoupling challenge by avoiding compromising the environment while ensuring sustainable growth and opportunities for societies. • The tourism sector is expected to continue growing 3. 3% annually until 2030, not without an increase of environmental impacts related to the sector, which is currently estimated to be responsible for 5% of CO 2 emissions. • Tourism extensive and transversal value chain has the potential to act as an agent of change triggering positive impact in and beyond the sector,

Leading to tourism low carbon growth: CE is a solution • The built environment, whether in the form of infrastructure, accommodation or other facilities, constitutes a fundamental part of tourism destinations. • The construction sector- is the number one consumer of raw materials globally- is responsible for 40% of global energy use, 30% of energyrelated GHG emissions, approximately 12% of water use and nearly 40% of waste. The sector faces particular challenges regarding resource efficiency considering additional urban goowth. • For the construction sector – including tourism, material based supply chain provides remarkable opportunities to integrate sustainable approaches. • Circularity is key approach to address the decoupling challenge, by exploring opportunities to move from linear to circular SCP patterns, promoting closed material loops and enhanced resource efficiency with a system-wide approach along the entire value chain. • Embracing circularity implies robust measurement and monitoring of impacts of economic activities and a constant rethinking and optimizing of performance though the use of innovation and technology. • The transition to a circular economy presents a tremendous

Tourism and SDGs Platform: engage? LEARN SHARE ACT The platform aims to: • inspire public policy makers to shape better policies for tourism, and companies to engage • strengthen the engagement of the private sector in the SDGs implementation along with the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism and their CSR strategies, • increase financing framework and • enhance partnerships among different stakeholders, including travellers.

A Journey for all, join us! Who & When? • All actors will be involved: governments, private sector, academia, UN system, IOs, IFIs, … • UNWTO coordinates, as the leading tourism agency • July 2018 – launch at the Highlevel Political Forum (HLPF) of the UN - ECOSOC, New York. 2018 – 2030 It’s up to us all!

Thank you! UNWTO Liaison Office 54 -56 rue de Montbrillant 1202 Geneva, Switzerland UNWTO Headquarters Calle Capitan Haya 42 28020 Madrid, Spain www. unwto. org geneva-representative@unwto. org