Cincia 2009 29 30 Julho 2009 Lisboa Materials

Ciência 2009 29 -30 Julho 2009, Lisboa Materials and processes for smart products Pluridisciplinarity and Integration in product oriented research Júlio C. Viana PIEP – Innovation in Polymer Engineering I 3 N/IPC – Institute for Polymers and Composites University of Minho 4800 -058 Guimarães Portugal

Next generation products New Designs and Technological solutions FUTURE PRODUCTS FEATURES concept electric car • high degree of customization • value-added product-specific services • communication skills • sensitive to user emotions • legislation (e. g. , end-of-life) Products manufacturers point of view: Product delivery product function smart bandage, Battelle

Active/Smart Products “One feature of future products will be their growing embedded intelligence. ”[1] embedded chips or micro-devices computational and networking capabilities added value services: product reconfiguration, upgrade, customisation [1] Workshop 1: “New intelligent and networked products” (9 February 2005), ICT for Manufacturing Report of Meeting with Group of Representatives of Five Expert Panels NOKIA Morph

Active/Smart Products SMART PRODUCTS TRICORDER Sci. Fi STAR TREK device capturing physical data from the environment, such as: temperature • life presence • type of materials • magnetic field • … Fetal monitoring, Battelle THE BUGS, http: //www. buglabs. net/

Active/Smart Products SMART PRODUCTS FUNCTIONS monitoring sensing adaptive awareness of their status they sense the environment they respond to a stimulus FEATURES environment embedded situated personalized pro-active integrated networked devices recognize situational context tailored to the user anticipate user’s plans and intentions

Active/Smart Products SMART PRODUCTS APPLICATIONS Aeronautics Source: EADS Automotive Source: GM/MIT Packaging

Pluridisciplinary research Smart polymer products

Active/Smart materials • Multifunctional polymer nanocomposites – electric, magnetic, luminescent, electro-chromic, thermoelectric, …) • Electro-active polymers – Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMC), Conductive/Conjugated Polymers, Electro/Magneto. Rheological Elastomers, Ionic Polymer Gels (IPG) – dielectric elastomers, electrostrictive grafted elastomers, electro-viscoelastic elastomers, ferroelectric polymers • Shape Memory Polymers – Thermoresponsive polymer that modifies its shape in response to temperature changes. • Self-X polymers – Self-monitoring, self-diagnostic, self-healing, …. .

Manufacturing technologies • Non-Conventional moulding techniques – multi-material injection moulding, micromoulding techniques (microinjection, hot-embossing, … Advanced Manufacturing Micro Systems Technology • • Nano Technology Micro-patterning/micro-featuring techniques – Hot-embossing, micro-injection moulding, (imprinting), … Deposition techniques – Inkjet printing, (CVD) • Nanotechnologies – nanostructured polymers

Information Communication Techn. • Embedded electronic systems – RFIDs, LEDs – Sensors & actuators – Antennas (mobility), wireless (communication) • (Plastic electronics) – – Flexible and stretchable Smart polymers for MEMS Built-in conductive paths Mass production/low costs • Energy harvesting solutions – Dynamic motions – Temperature, heat – others

Simulations • Coupled piezo-mechanical simulation – Electrodes positioning – New product designs – Enhanced behaviour Strip PVDF Plate PP Strip PVDF

Case study I Multifunctional self-sensing TPE

Nanofilled conductive TPE • different % incorporation of nanoparticles (TPU) 160 Stress (MPa) 140 0. 5% CNF 120 100 80 0. 5 HSCB 1% HSCB 60 40 20 1% CNF 0 0. 5 1. 0 05. % CNF l=0 l = 1. 68 l = 1. 87 1. 5 2. 0 ln l 2. 5 l = 2. 22 3. 0 3. 5 l = 2. 48 4. 0 l = 3. 00

Approach for self-sensing TPE • Multifunctional nanofilled conductive TPE 120 115 110 Resistance (GOhm) 105 R 100 95 90 85 80 TPU-CNF-PZT 75 TPU-CNF 70 0. 0 1. 0 2. 0 3. 0 compression distance (mm) 4. 0 10 V

advanced technologies • Vibration damping components – Non-conventional injection moulding (multi-material) – Active materials Self-sensing material (monitoring) Mechanical active (acting) Moldação integrada multitecnologia

Case study II Embedded electronics

Safe-luggage project www. mala-segura. com Development of a "smart bag”: management, control and monitoring system for suitcases Smart luggage, with identifiers embedded in the body of the bag

self-sensing solutions Strain gage inside (horizontal) • Embedded strain sensors 380 375 V R 2 = 0. 99 370 Strain glued laterally (vertical) 365 360 355 R 350 V R 2 = 0. 84 345 Fibre Bragg Grating 340 0 1 2 3 compression length (mm) 4 interrogator Resistivity (Ohm) R horizontal - inside vertical - lateral

optical systems Lighting systems LEDs integration into components polymer light-guiding systems aesthetic solutions in the automotive door interiors (electro-chromic effect, embedded lighting) Embedded sensing solutions embedded optical sensors in mouldings (OF, FBG) PEGASUS advanced mouldings with surface EU Integrated Project for SMEs – IPSME

Technology & Product Integration Smart polymers multifunctional polymers nanocomposites active polymers/elastomers (conductive, piezoelectric) shape memory polymers Design and Integration of functions in mouldings advanced simulations (e. g. , FEA) embedded sensors in mouldings added lightning effects to mouldings innovative products Advanced manufacturing for active mouldings intelligent integration of components and processes novel product-process integration technical moulded components with added functionalities Smart polymer products

Pluridisciplinary research Smart polymer products