Christianity Jesus the Good News Christianity 13 of

Christianity Jesus, the Good News

Christianity • • • 1/3 of world’s population Share Christ, Creed, and Church Jesus Christ- savior New Testament Incarnation Trinity

Jesus the Christ • Jewish • Palestine, part of Roman empire • Jews: Sadducees, Essenes, Pharisees – – Sadducee; controlled temple Essenes; purity, removed in caves Pharisees; oral Torah & traditions Zealots; armed rebellion • Apocalypticism – Messiah would be sent to rescue Jews from evils of this world-end times

Jesus the Christ • Born in 6 -4 BCE • Ministry in Galilee for 2 years • Parables-stories to proclaim radical lessons • Message– Kingdom of God is at hand – Ethical transformation • Love of enemies

Jesus the Christ • Crucifixion and Resurrection – Risen Lord – Gospel message “good news” – Matthew; new torah-Sermon on the Mount – Mark; 1 st gospel-shared writings…. . Q source – Luke; leading a perfect life-imitate Jesus – John; incarnation of God-fully human/divine – Paul; crucified and risen

Creed • Apostles – I believe…. end of 2 nd Century CE • Nicene – Assert divinity and humanity of Jesus – Response to heresies – Council of Nicaea- 325 CE

Trinity • • • Three persons in one Godhead Distinct yet the same essence God the Father, creator/judge Jesus the Son, redeemer Holy Spirit; Reconciler and sanctifier

Church • One body of Christ • St. Paul, over 1/3 of Christian Testament • All Christians – Orthodox-right doctrine – Heresies-theological differences

Church • Split from Judaism – Circumcision; Council of Jerusalem – Fall of temple 70 CE • Structure – Worship; word and eucharist – Synagogue-Temple – Bishops, presbyters, deacons 2 nd century CE – Bible-canon of 27 writings 150 CE

Church • Rome – Caesar – Martyrs – 312 Constantine “Edict of Milan” Christianity becomes religion of the empire. – St. Augustine “City of God” only heavenly kingdom matters….

Church • Medieval Christianity – 1054 Eastern Orthodoxy – Schism between East/West – 1096 -1270 Crusades – Great cathedrals – Common prayers – Communities formed – Aquinas 1225 -1274 reason/faith

Church • Protestant Reformation – Luther • Indulgences • 95 theses in 1517 • Grace vs works – King Henry VIII/Thomas Moore • Remarry-head of church of England • Thomas Moore-beheaded – John Calvin • Original sin • predestination

Church • Catholic reformation 1545 • Thirty years war- Catholics/Protestants – 1618 -1648 – Half of Germany’s population was killed

Christian divisions/unity • Roman Catholicism: Bible and Tradition – 2 nd Vatican Council, 1962 -1965 – 7 sacraments – Mass • Eastern Orthodoxy: Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox; patriarch of Constantinople – Incarnation – Mystical Union

Christian divisions/unity • Protestantism – Protest against authority – Bible is supreme WORD and authority – Justification by Faith – 4 main branches: Lutheran, Calvinist, Baptist, and Anglican; (Methodist) – Continued new denominations are formed – Ecumenism; the promotion of Christian unity