CHRISTIANITY Jesus Christ n Yeshua ben Joseph n

CHRISTIANITY

Jesus Christ n Yeshua ben Joseph n n Believe in the teachings of Jesus is the son of God; n n n Jesus of Nazareth Jesus of Galilee God in the flesh TRINITY: TRINITY Came to earth to save people from their sins Died to save their souls Descendent of David

n Birth of Jesus n Born in Bethlehem Born to Joseph and Mary n n Mary believed to be a virgin Angel Gabriel announces to Mary she is pregnant w/ God’s son @ 2000 years ago, during Roman times Bible = New Testament n n n 4 Gospels Acts o/t Apostles @ life, teachings & miracles of Jesus

Baptism of Jesus n n n Jesus baptized in the Jordan River (Luke 3: 21) Washed away his sins Recognized by John the Baptist as the savior of the world n Jesus & John the Baptist were cousins

Jesus is tempted by the Devil n Fasted for 40 days & 40 nights n n n “You must not put the Lord your God t/t test” Shown all the kingdoms o/t world n Mount of Temptations in Jericho tell these stones to turn into loaves n be off Satan (Matt. 4: 1 -11)

Jesus’ work and teaching n n Chose 12 Apostles or followers Performed miracles, such as the fishes and the loaves fish becomes a symbol of Christianity (Matt. 14: 13 -31) n made water into wine (John 2: 9) n Rose Lazarus from the dead (John 11) Love God w/ all your heart, soul & all your mind (Matt. 22: 37) Do unto others as you would have others do unto you (Matt. 22: 39) n n n

Jesus’ work and teaching n (John 3: 16) n n n Jesus cures a cripple (John 5: 1) Jesus walks on water n n (John 6: 16) Jesus cures a blind man n n Yes, God loved the world so much that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not be lost but may have eternal life (John 9: 1 -7) Easier for a camel to fit through the eye of a needle, then for a rich man to enter heaven n (Matt. 19: 24)

Jesus’ popularity and n Romans resent the Romans/Jews popularity that Jesus’ teachings and miracles brought n n seen as a threat to their rule Many Jews resent Jesus because he says that love is more important than Jewish law n n n breaks some Jewish laws cures on the Sabbath btw: ALL the first Christians were Jewish

n Parables Jesus taught in parables n Good Samaritan n n love thy neighbor n n (Luke 6: 27) SERMON on the MOUNT n n (Matt. 19: 19 -20) love thy enemy n n (Luke 10: 29 -37) (Matt. 5: 1 -12) the meek shall inherit the earth the poor will prosper in heaven Prodigal son story n (Luke 15: 11 -32)

Last Supper n n Jesus knows that Jewish and Roman leaders want him dead Celebrates last supper with Apostles n n Passover supper Changes Bread and wine into his body and blood: transubstantiation

Judas and the Crucifixion n Judas, one of Jesus’ apostles, betrays him to the authorities in Garden of Gethsame Jesus crucified by the Romans Judas commits suicide Resurrection Jesus was buried in a tomb, but on the third day after his crucifixion the tomb was found empty His followers said they had seen him and that he rose from the dead: transfiguration

History n n n Romans continued to persecute Jews and Christians In fact, the goal of Nero in 70 CE was to destroy not only the Jews, but the Christians Christian martyrs

Jewish – Christian Split n n Paul 13 th Apostle Anyone can be a Christian Gentiles greatly outnumbered Jewish. Christians n n n Peter Jesus’ favorite 1 st Pope Must be Jewish to be Christian Which belief won out?

Constantine n Roman Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity in 313 CE. n n He made Christianity the religion of the Roman empire n n n “in this sign, conquer” persecutions end persecutions of non. Christians begin Sent his mother, Helena, to find Christian holy sites in Palestine

Church COUNCILS n Council of Nicea 325 CE n n n Doctrine o/t TRINITY Nicene Creed “one in being w/t Father” Council of Hippo 393 CE n decided what books will go into the Bible

Roman Empire splits n n 330 CE: Roman Empire splits in half Constantinople becomes the center of the Eastern Orthodox Church (Byzantine) n n Patriarch is head of church Rome becomes the center of the Western church (Roman Catholic) n n Pope is head of church catholic means universal

What’s more important and why? The Message or The Messenger

Reformation n n 1517 – Martin Luther protests corrupt Popes and indulgences …. splits Roman Catholic Church again New religions such as Protestantism, Lutheranism, and Calvinism

Christian sects (divisions) n n CONSERVATIVE Literal interpretation n n n LIBERAL Protestantism word for word n looser interpretation fundamentalist Christianity n Anglican n The Bible says so. . . Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Ethiopian Christian Church Coptic (Egyptian) Christians n n Unitarianism Faith over acts over faith? ?

Catholic Hierarchy n

Customs & Traditions n Eucharist, which means thanksgiving, is a reenactment of the Last Supper n n n practiced every Sunday in churches Bread and wine (body & blood of Christ) Has different meanings in different churches

Baptism n Initiation into the church n n n John 3: 16 Done with water…either total submersion or a few drops Some churches will only baptize adults

Confirmation n n Confirming faith in Jesus Person of the church becomes a full adult Age varies Local bishop confirms the Holy Spirit on that person

Clergy n n n Called priests, reverends, ministers Priests wear a “dog collar” copied from those worn by slaves Bishop carries a crosier which is like a shepherd’s crook

Festivals n Christmas n n Good Friday n n crucifixion of Jesus EASTER n n Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem celebrates the birth of Christ n Most holy Christian holiday Celebrates resurrection of Christ Lent – period prior to Easter…fasting

Churches n n n Focal point of the church is the altar Baptismal font Regional church is called a cathedral