Cholera Route of trasmission eating food or drinking

Route of trasmission • eating food or drinking water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae from

General Symtoms • Approximately 1 in 20 infected persons has severe disease characterized by:

General Treatments in HK • An easily treatable disease • Oral rehydration main ingredients:

General Treatments in HK(II) • Antimicrobial therapy An important complementary measures can reduce fluid

Preventive Measures l All materials that come in contact with cholera patients should be

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Cholera (霍亂)

Route of trasmission • eating food or drinking water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae from other cholera patients. • The major reservoir for cholera is humans • Aquatic environments can serve as reservoirs of the bacteria.

General Symtoms • Approximately 1 in 20 infected persons has severe disease characterized by: • profuse watery diarrhea (水樣腹瀉), • vomiting, and (嘔吐) • leg cramps. (抽筋) • In these persons, rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shock. Without treatment, death can occur within hours.

General Treatments in HK • An easily treatable disease • Oral rehydration main ingredients: sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, glucose patients with mild to moderate cholera • Added saline In especially severe cases, the most important treatment principle is timely and quantitative fluids.

General Treatments in HK(II) • Antimicrobial therapy An important complementary measures can reduce fluid loss and shorten the course of treatment, but does not replace rehydration.

Preventive Measures l All materials that come in contact with cholera patients should be sterilized by washing in hot water using chlorine bleach if possible. l Hands that touch cholera patients or their clothing etc should be thoroughly cleaned. l Drink only water that have boiled, or that have treated with chlorine or iodine.