Chinese Hegemony The Tang Song Golden Age Recap
- Slides: 42
Chinese Hegemony: The Tang & Song “Golden Age”
Re-cap: Important Dates
I. Early Dynasties Xia? (2200 B. C. E. ) 1. Shang (1766 -1122 B. C. E. ) 2. Zhou (1122 -221 B. C. E) 3. Qin (221 -206 B. C. E. ) -first Emperor, coins 4. Han (206 B. C. E. -220 C. E. ) -Confucianism, scholar-gentry, paper & porcelain
II. Post-Han China 1. “Period of the Six Dynasties” (220 -589 C. E. ): − bureaucracy collapsed − Buddhism gained strength, replacing Confucianism for a time − nomads ruled much of Chinese territory
III. Sui Dynasty (589 -618 CE) – lowered taxes – established granaries – reconstruction of bureaucracy – reconstruction of Confucian scholargentry – extension of Grand Canal
Sui Grand Canal
IV. Tang Dynasty (618 -918)
1. Capital city: Chang’an 2. Imperial power & “moral restraint” 3. Cosmopolitan attitude towards religions “Three Doctrines”: Doctrines Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism 4. Tang armies extend West – used Turkic nomads in military (Uighurs) – Great Wall is repaired – loss to Arabs at Battle of Talas (751)
A. Empress Wu (625 -705) 1. ruled for 50 years (only female empress) – began as imperial concubine 2. Imperial civil exam system – blow to noble class – social mobility of scholar-gentry 3. Neo-Confucianism official philosophy – increased literacy uniting China 4. BACKLASH AGAINST BUDDHISM
Tang Government Organization
B. New Technologies: 1. re-established the safety of the Silk Road (tea from S. E. Asia) 2. Inventions: – moveable typeset printing – porcelain – GUNPOWDER – mechanical clocks
C. East Asian Cultural Sphere 1. Chinese cultural diffusion throughout East Asia – “sinification” 2. Korea, Japan, & Vietnam assimilate Chinese culture – Confucianism – Buddhism – writing system
D. Tang Decline: Losing the Mandate 1. Xuanzong – Empress Wu’s grandson – lack of morality? – executed favorite consort during a rebellion 2. Causes for decline: – land distribution breaks down – poor attention to canal & irrigation systems – NOMADIC INVASIONS
Tang Xuanzong (“The Profound Emperor”) & Consort Yang
V. Song Dynasty (960 -1279)
A. Beginnings 1. followed the chaos of the “Five Dynasty Period” 2. based on Neo-Confucianism 3. civil examination system
B. Government 1. “flying” paper money (increased commerce) 2. government schools 3. Imperial civil service exams 4. replaced corvée labour with paid labor from taxes 5. trained militia & supplied arms 6. paid Mongols in silk for protection
C. Increasing population 1. new developments in rice cultivation -champa (wet rice) production from Vietnam 2. Population grew from 60 to 100 million 3. Rice also used to brew wine
Champa “wet rice” production
D. Role of women 1. new ideal of the "willow-waisted woman“ 2. against widow remarriage 3. ability to inherit property & control of family/budgets 4. upper-class female foot-binding v Size 5 ½ shoe on the right
Foot-Binding in Tang & Song China • Broken toes by 3 years of age
http: //www. teachertube. com/view. Video. php? video_id=122772
E. Culture 1. Literature: popularization of vernacular language 2. Poetry: used to spark political reform 3. Paintings: landscapes (harmony between humans and nature)
“Poem of Farewell to Liu Man” by Yelu Chucai (1190 -1244) "Despotic officials and shyster underofficials, may they feel ashamed!"
“Travelers Among Mountains & Streams” by Fan Kuan (ca. 1000) “A Chinese scholar in a meadow”
“ 12 Views from a Thatched Hut” by Xia Gui, early 13 th century
“Spring Festival Along the River” by Zhang Zeduan (1085 -1145)
Henan jar, Song Dynasty
Jun ware – Song Dynasty
F. Technology 1. irrigation & fertilizer 2. large ships called junks 3. compass 4. waterwheels & canal locks 5. gunpowder & “crouching tiger” catapults 6. printing & paper money
Junks & the Compass http: //www. pbs. org/wgbh/nova/sul tan/media/expl_01 q. html
Astronomical Clock
Paper Currency
Military Technology
First case of gun & grenade (950 C. E. )
G. Commercial Growth 1. production of silk & cash crops (tea) tea 2. Commerce improved farming cause: Urbanization
H. Split of North & South Song 1. Weak military dependent on bureaucrats – Song invaded by northern nomads (Jurchin) 2. Southern Song Dynasty (1127 -1279) allied w/ Mongols for protection…
I. Collapse of Southern Song 1. Invasion by Mongols (1279) – start of Yuan Dynasty (Mongol Dynasty)
- Song dynasty rulers
- Golden age of tang and song dynasties
- The tang and song eras were a golden age of
- The tang and song eras were a golden age of
- Venn diagram of tang and song dynasties
- Hegemony gramsci
- From culture to hegemony summary
- Define hegemonic masculinity
- Spartan hegemony
- Stone age, bronze age iron age timeline
- Iron age bronze age stone age timeline
- Hươu thường đẻ mỗi lứa mấy con
- Sự nuôi và dạy con của hổ
- Sui tang and song dynasties
- Han sui tang song
- Spice t chart examples
- Dynastic cycle in china
- Tang section 1
- Melanie tang
- Ruler of the land 618
- Which dynasty reunited china after the period of disunion?
- Song dynasty spice chart
- Pg 170
- Sui tang and song dynasties
- Sui tang song
- Achievements of the tang and song dynasties
- Primary 3 malay worksheets
- Mona lisa golden ratio
- Modified fibonacci sequence
- Awesome chinese song
- Golden age of hollywood 1930s
- Art and culture in heian
- Golden age of india
- The golden age (1939-1956)
- Golden age of aviation 1927-1939
- Golden age greek mythology
- Tribals dikus and the vision of a golden age
- The golden ratio in russian poetry
- Golden age of greece
- Golden age of greece drama
- The golden age chapter 20
- Baseball in the 1920s facts
- Golden age of the roman empire