Chinese Civil War Korean War Chinese Civil War
- Slides: 26
Chinese Civil War & Korean War
Chinese Civil War n n n Chiang Kai-shek Unified the Nationalists in southern China Received about $3 billion in aid from the U. S.
Chinese Civil War n n Mao Zedong Leader of Communists in northern China Wanted to make all of China communist. Financial aid from Soviet Union.
Civil War n n Civil war broke out as early as 1946 By 1949 Nationalists were losing Nationalists forced off of mainland China and onto Taiwan = REPUBLIC OF CHINA Mao Zedong controlled “People’s Republic of CHINA, ” with communism.
WHY DID THE U. S. CARE? n n CHINA = COMMUNIST USSR = COMMUNIST USA = CAPITALIST CONTAINMENT HAD FAILED!!!!! n IF CHINA COULD BECOME COMMUNIST SO COULD ANY OTHER ASIAN COUNTRY.
WHAT THIS MEANS FOR THE U. S. n $$ ISN’T THE SOLUTION n U. S. MUST DO MORE TO STOP COMMUNIST THREAT! n NO MORE COMMUNIST COUNTRIES!!
KOREAN WAR / Forgotten War n During WWII Japan n had invaded Korea As the war closes in on Japan & Asia the Allies invade. Soviets invade from North America invades from South to the 38 parallel.
Forgotten WAR CONT… n n n North of 38 parallel became Communist = NORTH KOREA (Pyongyang South of 38 parallel became Democratic = SOUTH KOREA (Seoul) Each government claims to be the REAL DEAL
INVASION OF SOUTH KOREA n n n July 25, 1950 – North Korea surprise attack against South Korea. America caught off guard Truman calls for naval and air forces. UN members send 520, 000 troops 590, 000 Korean troops All troops were placed under Mac. Arthur’s command.
June 1950
AMERICAN FEARS TRUMAN WAS AFRAID KOREAN WAR WOULD = INTERNATIONAL WAR
SEPTEMBER 1950 U. S troops pushed to PUSAN
n Next six weeks is desperate n Bloody struggle as North Koreans threw everything at American and ROK (South Korean) forces in an effort to regain control. n Attempt to gain complete control over Korea.
October 1950 Mac. Arthur’s Miracle Counterattack
Mac. Arthur’s Miracle Counterattack n n Mac. Arthur changes the course of war Communist China tries to warn North Korea, but NK ignores warning. Throws off North Koreans Double invasion
October 1950 U. S. forces invade North Korea
Chinese Threat Truman calmed by Mac. Arthur… "We are no longer fearful of their intervention, . . . if the Chinese tried to get down to Pyongyang there would be the greatest slaughter. " n
GUESS WHAT? ?
NOVEMBER 1950 300, 000 CHINESE FORCES INVADE NK
THE CHINESE ARE COMING!!! n CHINESE PUSH U. S. TROOPS BACK n PAST 38 PARALLEL n SEOUL CHANGES HANDS AGAIN = 3 rd TIME
JAN-MAR 1951
“MEATGRINDER” n Slowly U. S. troops push NK & Chinese back to 38 parallel n Seoul changes hands (for 4 th and last time) n Inflicted heavy casualties on the Chinese and North Koreans n Mac. Arthur fired by Truman for insubordination
END OF WAR? Stalemate lasted for 2 more years n 54, 000 Americans killed n More than 2 million Int’l n Armistice signed July 27, 1953 n
WE ALSO LEARNED n n #1 Local conflict stays local = NO WORLD WAR #2 Leaves inconclusive decisions. Ex: Did we stop communism? n EX: Did we help anyone? n EX: Was it worth it? n Only time can tell. n
RESULTS OF THE WAR n n n Still a NK & SK NK is nuclear threat SK surviving economically NK struggling with food storages/energy U. S. still has about 40, 000 troops there.
2000 SUMMER OLYMPICS n n N & S KOREA unveiled a unified flag and marched into Olympic stadium TOGETHER. Currently experimenting with a SINGLE Korea, but still talks very difficult.
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