China Satellite Navigation Office Bei Dou Navigation Satellite

China Satellite Navigation Office Bei. Dou Navigation Satellite System and Its Applications in Precision Agriculture Ms. WANG Li (wangli@beidou. gov. cn) Director, International Cooperation Center of China Satellite Navigation Office 0

China Satellite Navigation Office CONTENT 03 General Development of BDS WHY HOW 02 WHAT 01 Roles of BDS in Precision Agriculture Prospect of China-Arab States Cooperation in Precision Agriculture 1

China Satellite Navigation Office CONTENT 03 General Development of BDS WHY HOW 02 WHAT 01 Roles of BDS in Precision Agriculture Prospect of China-Arab States Cooperation in Precision Agriculture 2

China Satellite Navigation Office What is BDS (Bei. Dou System)? Big Dipper Bei. Dou 3

China Satellite Navigation Office Importance of GNSS GLOBAL LOCATIO N SEAMLESS RELIABLE TIME 95%+ COSTSAVING 4

China Satellite Navigation Office BDS Services Service Type RNSS SBAS Signal Frequency Satellite Open B 1 I, B 3 I, B 1 C, B 2 a, B 2 b Authorized B 1 A, B 3 Q, B 3 A 3 GEO+3 IGSO +24 MEO Open B 1 C, B 2 a Authorized B 1 A Regional short message Authorized communication services Global short message communication services 3 GEO L(Inbound), S(Outbound) 3 GEO L (uplink), B 2 b (downlink) 14 MEO International SAR service uplink: 406 MHz downlink: 1544 -1545 MHz 6 MEO Transmission of precise positioning information B 2 b 3 GEO 5

China Satellite Navigation Office BDS Services Performance Service Type RNSS Service Area Global Nominal Specification Remarks Positioning accuracy<10 m Timing accuracy<20 ns Velocity accuracy<0. 2 m/s In the Asia-Pacific region, services are improved by the GEO and IGSO satellites Timing accuracy<10 ns Velocity accuracy<0. 1 m/s China and Regional communication the ability<1000 Chinese short message surrounding characters per time areas communication services Trial communication ability<40 Chinese characters Global per time RDSS, GEO satellites Communication+RNSS, MEO satellites Transmission of China and Transmission of decimeter- precise the level precise positioning B 2 b signal of GEO satellites positioning surrounding information (1 kbps） information areas http: //en. beidou. gov. cn http: //www. csno-tarc. cn/index&ce=english 6

China Satellite Navigation Office Why to choose Bei. Dou Ø More navigation satellites; being compatible with other GNSS, provides more reliable and stable services Ø Hybrid constellation, more satellites in high orbits to offer better anti-shielding capabilities in city canyons Ø Signals of multiple frequencies, to improve service accuracy by using combined multi-frequency signals Ø Integration of navigation and communication capabilities, to provide rapid positioning, location reporting and short message communication services 7

China Satellite Navigation Office Development Steps of BDS 2035 Integrated PNT system 2020 2018 2012 30 satellites, to serve the world 19+ satellites, to serve the Belt and Road area Asian-Pacific region 8

China Satellite Navigation Office Application Policies of BDS 01 Freely provide continuous, stable and reliable PNT services for global users 02 Continuously improving performance of services 03 Release open service performance specifications on schedule 04 Ensure international compatibility and interoperability among GNSS 05 Promote technical innovation, cooperation and exchanges, economic development worldwide 9

China Satellite Navigation Office CONTENT 03 General Development of BDS WHY HOW 02 WHAT 01 Roles of BDS in Precision Agriculture Prospect of China-Arab States Cooperation in Precision Agriculture 10

China Satellite Navigation Office History of Agricultural Development Ø From slash-and-burn cultivation in ancient times, to livestock cultivation in 1940 s, the way of farming rarely changed and was at low efficiency in China. 11

China Satellite Navigation Office History of Agricultural Development Ø Since 1950 s, agricultural machinery has gradually developed, and mechanized farming began to rise. 12

China Satellite Navigation Office History of Agricultural Development Ø Since 1990 s, mechanized farming became popular. The average mechanization rate of cultivation, sowing and harvesting in China has exceeded 40%, and the mechanized production mode has basically taken the leading position. 13

China Satellite Navigation Office History of Agricultural Development Ø Over the past decade, with the rapid development of BDS, precision agriculture has been developing quickly, and putting into operation on a large scale in China. It is foreseeable that agriculture will develop towards more automation, precision and intelligence in the future. 14

China Satellite Navigation Office Automatic Driving of Agricultural Machinery Ø Agricultural machinery automatic driving navigation technology can effectively reduce labor costs, improve the quality of work, land utilization rate, and extend the working operation time. 15

China Satellite Navigation Office Operation Supervision Ø By adopting BDS, the government departments can strengthen supervision on the area and quality of farmers' operations. It provides objective basis for accurate measurement. 16

China Satellite Navigation Office Management and Scheduling Ø Enterprises can carry out accurate planning, tracking rate of progress, maintenance records, command dispatch, which can significantly improve the management efficiency. Ø At present, in many parts of China, large-scale farming by using BDS has already been popularized. 17

China Satellite Navigation Office CONTENT 03 General Development of BDS WHY HOW 02 WHAT 01 Roles of BDS in Precision Agriculture Prospect of China-Arab States Cooperation in Precision Agriculture 18

China Satellite Navigation Office China-Arab States Cooperation on BDS Ø China- Arab States cooperation on satellite navigation has been highly valued. Ø Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed “to promote China’s BDS to serve the construction of Arab States” in July, 2018, during the Eighth Ministerial Conference of China Arab States Cooperation Forum. 19

China Satellite Navigation Office China-Arab States Cooperation on BDS Ø In 2016, MOU between CSNO and AICTO on cooperation in the field of satellite navigation has been signed. Ø In 2017, both side jointly held the first China-Arab States Bei. Dou Cooperation Forum in Shanghai, China, and signed statement. 20

China Satellite Navigation Office China-Arab States Cooperation on BDS Ø In April 2018, China-Arab States BDS/GNSS Center has been established in Tunis. The center offers solutions and application experience, and carries out technology exchange, education and training, as well as test and assessment on GNSS performance, and open experiments. Ø Other centers in AASTMT and KACST is under planning. 21

China Satellite Navigation Office China-Arab States Cooperation on BDS Ø Besides, CSNO has held a Workshop on BDS/GNSS in Saudi Arabia together with KACST, initiated construction of satellite navigation augmentation system in Algeria, and conducted short-term training in Morocco. 22

China Satellite Navigation Office Cooperation Prospect in Precision Agriculture Ø Precision agriculture has broad application prospects in Arab States. China is willing to take “the Belt and Road” initiative as an opportunity, to build a new cooperation mode in the whole industrial chain in agriculture. Ø In particular, China-Sultan cooperation is regarded as an example of South-South cooperation. Ø It is foreseeable that, China. Sultan cooperation in precision agriculture will certainly start a new situation. The Chinese President Xi Jinping met with Sultan President Bashir 23

China Satellite Navigation Office Cooperation Prospect in Precision Agriculture Ø Agricultural output accounts for about 1/5 of the gross national product of Africa. Ø Agricultural population accounts for about 2/3 of the total population. Ø The efficiency improvement of agricultural production has great significance for economic development in Africa. 24

China Satellite Navigation Office Cooperation Prospect in Precision Agriculture Ø China has been exploring and practicing for many years. Several solutions and mature products in precision agriculture based on BDS have been formed, which can solve a series of problems from farmland management, sowing to harvesting, and greatly increase production efficiency, effectively release labor force, and promote the development of agriculture towards modernization and intelligence. 25

China Satellite Navigation Office 26