Child and adolescent learners and learning principles Basic

Child and adolescent learners and learning principles Basic Concepts and Issues on Human development

2 Approaches of Human Development Traditional – Shows extensive change from birth to adolescence, little or no change in adulthood and decline in the old age. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: MEANING, CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES

2 Approaches of Human Development Life Span – Developmental change occurs during childhood to adulthood. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: MEANING, CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES

Characteristics of Life Span development (Santrock, 2002) 1. Development is Lifelong. 2. Development is plastic. Plasticity refers to the potential for change. Aging is associated with decline in certain intellectual abilities. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: MEANING, CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES

Characteristics of Life Span development (Santrock, 2002) 3. Development is Multidimensional. Development consist of biological, cognitive and socio-emotional dimensions. Biological processes involves changes in the individual’s physical nature. Cognitive processes involves changes in the individual’s thought, intelligence and language. Socio-emotional processes involves changes in the individual’s relationship with others, emotion and personality. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: MEANING, CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES

Characteristics of Life Span development (Santrock, 2002) 4. Development is Contextual. These contexts include individual’s biological make up, physical environment, cognitive processes, historical, social and cultural contexts. 5. Development involves growth, maintenance and regulation. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: MEANING, CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES

Stages of Development Pre-natal Period – refers to the stage of pre-natal development. Infancy – refer to the stage from birth to 2 years Early Childhood – refer to 3 to 5 years Middle and Late Childhood – refer to 6 to 12 years Adolescence – refer to 13 to 18 years STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

Stages of Development Early Adulthood – refer to 19 to 29 years Middle Adulthood – refer to 30 to 60 years Late Adulthood – refer to 61 years and above STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

Research Designs Case Study – an in depth look at an individual Correlational Study – determines associations Experimental – Determines cause and effect relationships Naturalistic Observation – Focuses on children’s experiences in natural settings. Longitudinal – Studies and follows through a single group over a period of time. RESEARCH IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

Research Designs Cross-sectional – individuals of different age are compared at one time. Sequential – combination of cross sectional and longitudinal research Action Research – a reflective process of problem solving. RESEARCH IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

Data Gathering Techniques Observation – done in real world like classroom and home. Physiological measures – indicators of children’s development Standardized – prepared test to assess individual performance Interviews and questionnaires – asking participants for data Life history records- records of information about lifetime chronology of events and activities. RESEARCH IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

Ethical Principles 1. Research procedures must never harm children, physically and psychologically. 2. Children and their families must have the informed consent. 3. Children’s questions must be answered truthfully in ways they can understand. 4. There should be respect for privacy. RESEARCH IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

Impact of Research on Teachers 1. They become more reflective, critical and analytical in their teaching 2. They become more deliberate in decision making and actions in classroom. 3. Develop professional dispositions of lifelong learning, reflective and mindful teaching and self transformation RESEARCH IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

Impact of Research on Teachers 4. Lead to rethinking and reconstructing what it means to be a teacher. 5. Realized that learning to teach is inherently connected to learning to inquire. RESEARCH IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

Modular Activity # 2 1. Write a 100 word essay on the quotation: “Man is an unfinished project. He is always in the process of becoming”. 2. Which is more important factor of development? a. Nature versus Nurture b. Continuity versus discontinuity c. Stability versus change Choose only 1 and please observe indention and neatness. Deadline of Submission: September 14, 2020 RESEARCH IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

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