Chikungunya Esha Baichoo Chikungunya VirusCHIKV Rare form of
Chikungunya Esha Baichoo
Chikungunya Virus(CHIKV) • Rare form of viral fever • Isolated for the first time from a Tanzanian outbreak in 1952 • Transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus(mutated form) mosquitoes, • !! No human-human transmission!! • Alphavirus belonging to the family of Togaviridae
Etymiology • Name derived from the Makonde word meaning ‘that which bends up’ , referring to the stooped posture of the patients • First described by Marion Robinson and W. H. R. Lumsden in 1955, following an outbreak on the Makonde Plateau, along the border between Tanganyika and Mozamique, in 1952.
Epidemiology • Geographically distributed in Africa, India and South-East Asia • First outbreak in 1963, in India • Major epidemics appear cyclically • Recent outbreak in the Indian Ocean after 20 years of dormancy • First case, in Mauritius, reported in 2005
Symptoms • Typically debilitating poly-arthralgia • Fever reaching 39°C • Petechial or maculopapular rash on limbs and trunk • Epitaxis, minor hemorrhage • Self-limiting- usually last 5 -7 days • May become chronic in the elderly • !!Not life-threatening!!
Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment • Clinical manifestations resemble those of dengue • Serological examination • No vaccine available • Chloroquine phosphate (250 mg/day) • non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) • Analgesics • Aspirin usually avoided
Prevention and Control • Avoiding mosquito bite (chemical repellents, protective clothings, mosquito nets) • Prevent mosquito breeding by drainage of all stagnant water • Intense government-sponsored eradication of mosquitoes by insecticide spraying • National health campaign aimed at greater awareness • Close monitoring of travellers coming from infected zones
Socio-Economic Impact • Severe impact on the tourism industry and foreign investment • Greater awareness of epidemics • Improvement in the health sector
Acknowledgement • • • www. wikipedia. org file: ///E: /chikungunya/articlerender. fcgi. htm World Health Organisation Pud. Med www. gov. mu
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