Chest Wall Anatomy A Azami Ph D Surface

Chest Wall Anatomy A. Azami, Ph. D.

Surface Landmarks

Boundaries of the thorax • Superior: jugular notch, sternoclavicular joint, superior border of clavicle, acromion, spinous processes of C 7 • Inferior: xiphoid process, costal arch, 12 th and 11 th ribs, vertebra T 12

Thoracic wall • Skin • Superficial fascia – Fat tissue – Cutaneous nerves – Superficial vessels Breast • Deep fascia • Muscles

The segmental innervation of anterior surface of trunk

Thoracic wall • Skin • Superficial fascia – Fat tissue – Cutaneous nerves – Superficial vessels • Breast • Deep fascia • Muscles

Thoracic wall • Skin • Superficial fascia – Fat tissue – Cutaneous nerves – Superficial vessels • Breast • Deep fascia • Muscles

Thoracic wall • Skin • Superficial fascia – Fat tissue – Cutaneous nerves – Superficial vessels • Breast • Deep fascia • Muscles

Back muscles

Ant. Thoracic muscles Serratus anterior

Thorax Muscles • Intercostales externi • Intercostales interni

Intercostales externi • Origin: lower border of rib • Insertion: upper border of rib below origin • Action: elevate ribs adding in forced inspiration Intercostales interni • Origin: upper border of rib • Insertion: lower border of rib above origin • Action: depress ribs forced expiration

Diaphragm Shape and position: dome-shaped between thorax and abdomen Origin • • • Sternal part: xiphoid process Costal part: lower six and costal cartilages Lumbar part: arises from upper 2 -3 lumbar vertebrae Insertion • central tendon

Diaphragm

Inspiration movements of: • Diaphragm • Sternum • Ribs

sternum Ribs

Intercostal space