Chemistry and Matter Definition of Chemistry Chemistry is
- Slides: 61
Chemistry and Matter
Definition of Chemistry • Chemistry is the study of composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes.
Definition of Chemistry • Chemicals are the substances that make up matter
Definition of Chemistry • Chemists study the composition and behavior of matter, and they modify materials for new purposes
Five Branches of Chemistry • (1) Organic- study of carbon containing compounds • Ex: the human body, environment, pharmaceuticals
Five Branches of Chemistry • (2) Inorganic- study of everything that doesn’t contain C such as metals • Ex: metals found in drinking water
Five Branches of Chemistry • (3) Physical- study of properties and changes of matter and their relationships to energy • Ex: solar engineer, lasers, electrochemists
Five Branches of Chemistry • (4) Analytical- study of identification of components and composition of materials • Ex: measurement, quality control chemist, flavor developer
Five Branches of Chemistry • (5) Biochemistry- study of substances and processes occurring in living things • Ex: doctors, biotech firms, microbiologist
Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • A) test a fish for mercury metal
Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • B) synthesize a new drug containing carbon that would help cure cancer
Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • C) design a wind turbine to generate energy
Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • D) research the role of vitamins in the human body
Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • E) measure the amount of potassium ion in your blood
Matter • anything that has mass and takes up space • Everything is made up of matter
Pure Substance • matter that has uniform and definite composition • All samples of one substance have identical physical properties
Physical Property • quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition • Intensive property= doesn’t depend on size • Extensive property= depends on size • examples
Physical Change • alteration of a given substance without changing its composition • examples
Chemical Reaction • one or more substances changing to a new substance • Reactants form products in a chemical reaction
Chemical Reaction
Chemical Reaction
Chemical Reaction • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ODf_s. Pe x. S 2 Q
Chemical Property • ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction and form a new substance.
Chemical Changes • examples
Chemical vs. Physical • In chemical rxns energy is absorbed or released, there is a change in color or odor, and the change can’t be reversed physically while most physical changes can be reversed
Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical and Chemical Changes • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=qqqm. FF Cwd 7 k
Law of Conservation of Mass
Law of Conservation of Mass states that in any physical or chemical change, mass is neither created nor destroyed. It is conserved so that the mass of products equals the mass of the reactants.
Law of Conservation of Mass magnesium and oxygen yield magnesium oxide • 2 Mg + O 2 2 Mg. O
Sum Up : Physical or chemical? • • Bending a piece of wire Burning coal Cooking steak Cutting grass Corroding nail Dissolving sugar in coffee Fermenting a grape
Sum Up : Physical or chemical? • • The following is a description of an unknown substance. The substance is a silvery white, lustrous metal. Its density is 1. 738 g/cm 3. The substance burns in air to produce an intense white light. It reacts with chlorine to give a brittle white solid. It can be pounded into thin sheets.
States of Matter • A physical state of a substance is a physical property of that substance • Handout
States of Matter
States of Matter • What is the vocabulary associated with the phase changes between solid, liquids, and gases? • How do phase changes occur? • What is really happening to the particles of a substance during a phase change?
States of Matter
States of Matter
States of Matter
States of Matter • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=f 2 XQ 97 XHj. Vw
Building Blocks of Matter
Pure Substance • Matter that has uniform and definite composition • Matter that cannot be separated physically • Elements and compounds
Element • pure substance that is made of only one kind of atom • simplest form of matter that can exist under normal laboratory conditions
Element • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=d 0 z. ION 8 xjb. M
Element • The periodic table organizes the elements • Handout
Element
Atom • An atom is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
Compound • substance that is made from the atoms of 2 or more different elements that are chemically bonded, and it can be separated by chemical means
Compound
Compound
Compound • Properties of a compound are usually quite different from their elemental components
Compound
Mixtures • physical blend of 2 or more kinds of matter and each retains its own identity and properties in the mixture • Easily separated physically
Mixtures • Heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform in composition
Mixtures Homogenous mixtures are completely uniform in composition; the components are evenly distributed throughout
Mixtures
Separation of Mixtures • Physical properties, filtration, distillation, magnetic properties, and solubility
Separation of Mixtures
Separation of Mixtures
Classification of Matter • Flow Chart
Classification of Matter
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
- Gray matter
- Gray matter and white matter
- Gray matter and white matter
- Telencephalon
- Classification of matter section 1 composition of matter
- Section 1 composition of matter
- Chapter 2 section 1 classifying matter answers
- Composition of matter section 1
- Energy naturally flows from warmer matter to cooler matter.
- Definition of substance
- Chemistry matter and change chapter 7
- Chemistry matter and change chapter 10
- Chemistry matter and change chapter 7
- Chemistry matter and change chapter 6
- Chemistry matter and change chapter 10 the mole answer key
- Chemistry matter and change answer key chapter 2
- Examples of matter in chemistry
- Matter flowchart chemistry
- Flowchart undissolved solids
- Graphic organizer about matter
- Chapter 4 basic food chemistry the nature of matter
- Chapter 4 basic food chemistry the nature of matter
- Chapter 4 basic food chemistry the nature of matter
- Kinetic theory of matter definition
- Properties of matter wave
- Properties of matter definition
- Say mean matter chart
- Say mean matter definition
- Cycling of matter definition biology
- Law of conservation of matter definition
- Ib organic chemistry functional groups
- Organic vs inorganic chemistry
- What is analytical chemistry definition
- Eucharist form
- Soil is a mixture of weathered rock and ________.
- Rankings: what are they and do they matter?
- Classification and properties of matter
- Properties and changes of matter worksheet
- Mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves similarities
- Matter and materials grade 7 pdf
- Properties of materials grade 7
- Grade 6 natural science matter and materials
- Uniform composition
- Is anything that has mass and takes up space.
- Anything that occupy space and has mass
- Matter and its properties
- Matter mass and volume
- The study of composition structure and properties
- Chapter 1 review matter and change
- Matter-properties and changes answer key
- Which is a “big idea” for matter and change?
- A matter of trust book summary
- Lesson 3 energy and matter in ecosystems answer key
- Which reverses the normal flow of thermal energy
- Srim the stopping and range of ions in matter
- Matter and thermal energy section 1
- Science matter and energy
- Physical behavior of matter
- Harmful useful
- Properties and characteristics of matter
- Four states of matter are solid liquid gas and
- Which of the following dinner items is a pure substance?