Chemistry and Matter Definition of Chemistry Chemistry is

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Chemistry and Matter

Chemistry and Matter

Definition of Chemistry • Chemistry is the study of composition, structure, and properties of

Definition of Chemistry • Chemistry is the study of composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes.

Definition of Chemistry • Chemicals are the substances that make up matter

Definition of Chemistry • Chemicals are the substances that make up matter

Definition of Chemistry • Chemists study the composition and behavior of matter, and they

Definition of Chemistry • Chemists study the composition and behavior of matter, and they modify materials for new purposes

Five Branches of Chemistry • (1) Organic- study of carbon containing compounds • Ex:

Five Branches of Chemistry • (1) Organic- study of carbon containing compounds • Ex: the human body, environment, pharmaceuticals

Five Branches of Chemistry • (2) Inorganic- study of everything that doesn’t contain C

Five Branches of Chemistry • (2) Inorganic- study of everything that doesn’t contain C such as metals • Ex: metals found in drinking water

Five Branches of Chemistry • (3) Physical- study of properties and changes of matter

Five Branches of Chemistry • (3) Physical- study of properties and changes of matter and their relationships to energy • Ex: solar engineer, lasers, electrochemists

Five Branches of Chemistry • (4) Analytical- study of identification of components and composition

Five Branches of Chemistry • (4) Analytical- study of identification of components and composition of materials • Ex: measurement, quality control chemist, flavor developer

Five Branches of Chemistry • (5) Biochemistry- study of substances and processes occurring in

Five Branches of Chemistry • (5) Biochemistry- study of substances and processes occurring in living things • Ex: doctors, biotech firms, microbiologist

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • A) test a fish for

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • A) test a fish for mercury metal

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • B) synthesize a new drug

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • B) synthesize a new drug containing carbon that would help cure cancer

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • C) design a wind turbine

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • C) design a wind turbine to generate energy

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • D) research the role of

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • D) research the role of vitamins in the human body

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • E) measure the amount of

Quick Review • Which branch of chemistry would… • E) measure the amount of potassium ion in your blood

Matter • anything that has mass and takes up space • Everything is made

Matter • anything that has mass and takes up space • Everything is made up of matter

Pure Substance • matter that has uniform and definite composition • All samples of

Pure Substance • matter that has uniform and definite composition • All samples of one substance have identical physical properties

Physical Property • quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or

Physical Property • quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition • Intensive property= doesn’t depend on size • Extensive property= depends on size • examples

Physical Change • alteration of a given substance without changing its composition • examples

Physical Change • alteration of a given substance without changing its composition • examples

Chemical Reaction • one or more substances changing to a new substance • Reactants

Chemical Reaction • one or more substances changing to a new substance • Reactants form products in a chemical reaction

Chemical Reaction

Chemical Reaction

Chemical Reaction

Chemical Reaction

Chemical Reaction • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ODf_s. Pe x. S 2 Q

Chemical Reaction • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ODf_s. Pe x. S 2 Q

Chemical Property • ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction and form

Chemical Property • ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction and form a new substance.

Chemical Changes • examples

Chemical Changes • examples

Chemical vs. Physical • In chemical rxns energy is absorbed or released, there is

Chemical vs. Physical • In chemical rxns energy is absorbed or released, there is a change in color or odor, and the change can’t be reversed physically while most physical changes can be reversed

Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical and Chemical Changes • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=qqqm. FF Cwd 7 k

Physical and Chemical Changes • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=qqqm. FF Cwd 7 k

Law of Conservation of Mass

Law of Conservation of Mass

Law of Conservation of Mass states that in any physical or chemical change, mass

Law of Conservation of Mass states that in any physical or chemical change, mass is neither created nor destroyed. It is conserved so that the mass of products equals the mass of the reactants.

Law of Conservation of Mass magnesium and oxygen yield magnesium oxide • 2 Mg

Law of Conservation of Mass magnesium and oxygen yield magnesium oxide • 2 Mg + O 2 2 Mg. O

Sum Up : Physical or chemical? • • Bending a piece of wire Burning

Sum Up : Physical or chemical? • • Bending a piece of wire Burning coal Cooking steak Cutting grass Corroding nail Dissolving sugar in coffee Fermenting a grape

Sum Up : Physical or chemical? • • The following is a description of

Sum Up : Physical or chemical? • • The following is a description of an unknown substance. The substance is a silvery white, lustrous metal. Its density is 1. 738 g/cm 3. The substance burns in air to produce an intense white light. It reacts with chlorine to give a brittle white solid. It can be pounded into thin sheets.

States of Matter • A physical state of a substance is a physical property

States of Matter • A physical state of a substance is a physical property of that substance • Handout

States of Matter

States of Matter

States of Matter • What is the vocabulary associated with the phase changes between

States of Matter • What is the vocabulary associated with the phase changes between solid, liquids, and gases? • How do phase changes occur? • What is really happening to the particles of a substance during a phase change?

States of Matter

States of Matter

States of Matter

States of Matter

States of Matter

States of Matter

States of Matter • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=f 2 XQ 97 XHj. Vw

States of Matter • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=f 2 XQ 97 XHj. Vw

Building Blocks of Matter

Building Blocks of Matter

Pure Substance • Matter that has uniform and definite composition • Matter that cannot

Pure Substance • Matter that has uniform and definite composition • Matter that cannot be separated physically • Elements and compounds

Element • pure substance that is made of only one kind of atom •

Element • pure substance that is made of only one kind of atom • simplest form of matter that can exist under normal laboratory conditions

Element • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=d 0 z. ION 8 xjb. M

Element • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=d 0 z. ION 8 xjb. M

Element • The periodic table organizes the elements • Handout

Element • The periodic table organizes the elements • Handout

Element

Element

Atom • An atom is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the

Atom • An atom is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element

Compound • substance that is made from the atoms of 2 or more different

Compound • substance that is made from the atoms of 2 or more different elements that are chemically bonded, and it can be separated by chemical means

Compound

Compound

Compound

Compound

Compound • Properties of a compound are usually quite different from their elemental components

Compound • Properties of a compound are usually quite different from their elemental components

Compound

Compound

Mixtures • physical blend of 2 or more kinds of matter and each retains

Mixtures • physical blend of 2 or more kinds of matter and each retains its own identity and properties in the mixture • Easily separated physically

Mixtures • Heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform in composition

Mixtures • Heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform in composition

Mixtures Homogenous mixtures are completely uniform in composition; the components are evenly distributed throughout

Mixtures Homogenous mixtures are completely uniform in composition; the components are evenly distributed throughout

Mixtures

Mixtures

Separation of Mixtures • Physical properties, filtration, distillation, magnetic properties, and solubility

Separation of Mixtures • Physical properties, filtration, distillation, magnetic properties, and solubility

Separation of Mixtures

Separation of Mixtures

Separation of Mixtures

Separation of Mixtures

Classification of Matter • Flow Chart

Classification of Matter • Flow Chart

Classification of Matter

Classification of Matter

Element, Compound, or Mixture?

Element, Compound, or Mixture?