Chemical Reactions There are five types of chemical

Chemical Reactions

There are five types of chemical reactions Type of reaction Single replacement Double replacement Synthesis Decomposition Combustion Definition Example

Single replacement • Occurs when one element replaces another element in a compound Example: Zn + Cu. SO 4 Zn. SO 4 + Cu Cation- Or positively charged ion Anion- Or negatively charged ion

Double replacement • Occurs when two compounds “switch partners” Example: Na. Cl + Ag. NO 3 Na. NO 3 + Ag. Cl Cation- Or positively charged ion Anion- Or negatively charged ion

Synthesis • Occurs when two simpler substances combine to form one product Example Mg + O 2 Mg. O Cation- Or positively charged ion Anion- Or negatively charged ion

Decomposition • Occurs when one reactant breaks down into two or more products Example H 2 O H 2 + O 2 Cation- Or positively charged ion Anion- Or negatively charged ion

Combustion • Combustion reactions are typically the burning of a hydrocarbon. In addition to the hydrocarbon, oxygen is a reactant. The products are always CO 2 and H 2 O Example If you see a hydrocarbon and an oxygen…. C 2 H 6 + O 2 …. the products are ALWAYS going to be carbon dioxide and water CO 2 + H 2 O

Balancing equations • Synthesis • Mg + O 2 Mg. O 2 Mg + O 2 2 Mg. O

Balancing equations • Decomposition • H 2 O H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O 2 H 2 + O 2

Balancing equations • Combustion • C 2 H 6 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O – C 2 H 6 + 7/2 O 2 2 CO 2 + 3 H 20 To get rid of the fraction, multiply everything by 2 - 2 C 2 H 6 + 7 O 2 4 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O

A. Exercises Classify the type of reaction 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. N 2 + H 2 Na. Cl + F 2 H 2 + O 2 Pb (OH)2 + HCl CH 4 + O 2 C 3 H 8 + O 2 Fe. Cl 3 + Na. OH Ag 2 O K + Mg. Br 2 Na. Br + Ca. F 2

B. Double Replacement predict the products and balance the reactions • • • Na. Cl + HBr Pb (OH)2 + HCl Fe. Cl 3 + Na. OH Na. Br + Ca. F 2 Al. Br 3 + K 2 SO 4 H 2 SO 4 + Na. NO 2