Chemical Process Engineering Working group Gasification Gas Cleaning

Chemical Process Engineering Working group Gasification & Gas Cleaning hermann. hofbauer@tuwien. ac. at Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering page 1

Chemical Process Engineering Working group Gasification & Gas Cleaning Content • Working group Gasification and Gas Cleaning • Dual fluidised bed gasification fundamentals • Design development • Industrial application • Catalytic tar removal • Contacts Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering page 2

Chemical Process Engineering Working group Gasification & Gas Cleaning The GGC team focuses on projects from the energy technology sector with a specification on gasification technologies as well as catalytic tar removal from producer gas originating from thermo-chemical hydrocarbon conversion processes. Mission: Development of fuel flexible, high efficient gasification technologies for the production of high quality syngas. Research topics: • Dual fluidized bed steam gasification of biomass, coal, waste materials • Producer gas adaptation by catalytically active bed material • Catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons in secondary fixed bed units • Development of a new gasification process based on the dual fluidized bed process • Pressurized gasification Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering page 3

Chemical Process Engineering Biomass Steam Gasification Heating/ Cooling Electricity Syngas Fuels Thermal Gasification, Biomass combined heat and power plant in Guessing, Austria Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering page 4

Chemical Process Engineering DFB Gasification – Principle of the process I Producer Gas Flue gas (CH 4, CO, H 2, CO 2, H 2 O) Heat Gasification Combustion (~ 850 °C) (~ 920 °C) Biomass Fuel to combustion Circulation Steam Achema 2012 (bed material, char coal) Air Institute of Chemical Engineering page 5

Chemical Process Engineering DFB Gasification – Principle of the process I Dual fluidised bed steam gasification of solid biomass coupled with CO 2 capture Producer gas Flue gas (H 2 -rich) (+CO 2) Heat Ca. O Gasification +absorption Biomass 600… 700°C Combustion Ca. CO 3 +desorption 850… 900°C Fuel to combustion Circulation Steam (bed material, char coal) Air Ca. O + CO 2 ↔ Ca. CO 3 Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering page 6

Chemical Process Engineering DFB Gasification – Principle of the process II Typical producer gas composition Component Unit Conventional process SER process* H 2 vol. -%db 36 … 42 55 … 70 CO vol. -%db 19 … 24 5 … 11 CO 2 vol. -%db 20 … 25 7 … 20 CH 4 vol. -%db 9 … 12 8 … 13 C 2 H 4 vol. -%db 2. 0 … 2. 6 1. 4 … 1. 8 C 2 H 6 vol. -%db 1. 3 … 1. 8 0. 3 … 0. 6 C 3 -Fract. vol. -%db 0. 3 … 0. 6 0. 3 … 1. 0 Tar g/Nm³db 4… 8 0. 3 … 0. 9 Dust g/Nm³db 10 … 20 20 … 50 H 2 O vol. -% 30 … 45 50 … 60 Fuel wood pellets Bed material Olivine Calcite * SER: Achema 2012 Sorption enhanced reforming Institute of Chemical Engineering page 7

Chemical Process Engineering Design development I 1993 -1996, „FICFB* gasifier“ * Fast Internally Circulating Fluidized Bed Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering page 8

Chemical Process Engineering Design development II 1999 -2003 Achema 2012 2004 -now Institute of Chemical Engineering page 9

Chemical Process Engineering Advanced DUAL FLUID gasifier Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering 10 Applied Modelling, Vienna, Austria 2012 -03 -27 J. C. Schmid Investigations on a novel fluidized bed concept page 10

Chemical Process Engineering Advanced DUAL FLUID gasifier Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering 11 Applied Modelling, Vienna, Austria 2012 -03 -27 J. C. Schmid Details of the countercurrent gasification reactor page 11

Chemical Process Engineering Industrial application Güssing, Austria in operation since 2002 8. 0 MWth, 2. 0 Mwel gas engine Oberwart, Austria in operation since 2008 8. 5 MWth, 2. 8 Mwel gas engine, organic rankie cycle (ORC) Plants under commissioning: Villach, Austria - 15 MWth, 3. 7 Mwel, gas engine Klagenfurt, Austria - 25 MWth, 5. 5 Mwel, gas engine, ORC Ulm, Germany - 15 MWth, 5. 3 Mwel, gas engine, ORC Plants in planning: Gothenborg, Sweden - 30 MWth, 20 Mwel, Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) production of 67% Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering page 12

Chemical Process Engineering Catalytic tar removal Aims: • • Long term tests of catalytic gas cleaning with real product gas from an industrial DFB-steam gasifier (Güssing) To find selective catalysts for reforming hydrocarbons - except Methane => Bio. SNG To find selective catalysts for reforming hydrocarbons - especially Methane => Fischer. Tropsch To find best process parameters regarding lifetime and reforming potential of the catalysts. Test rig Photographer Hans Ringhofer Achema 2012 • • • 2 stage reformer 4 & 4 honeycomb catalysts 100 Nm³/h ~ 900°C Atmospheric pressure Institute of Chemical Engineering page 13

Chemical Process Engineering Further information Links: http: //www. vt. tuwien. ac. at/chemische_verfahrenstechnik_und_wirbelschicht technik/gasification_and_gas_cleaning/ Contact: Univ. Prof. Dr. Hermann HOFBAUER Email: hermann. hofbauer@tuwien. ac. at Tel. : +43 1 58801 166300 Achema 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering page 14